在美期间,没有医保,如何"省钱"买药和看病?-新东方前途出国

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    在美期间,没有医保,如何"省钱"买药和看病?

    2017-06-16

    众所周知,在美国看病是极贵的。如果没有保险,门诊费、检查费和药费均得自付,有些普遍的处方药价格或许还ok,但若有接受检查项目,甚至是急诊、住院等,那费用可就高的惊人。

    下面就来介绍一下,没有医疗保险在美国旅游期间,如何买药(处方药、非处方药)看病。以及,有什么方法和渠道可以节省这方面的费用呢?

     

     

    █ 没有医疗保险如何拿药?

    美国走的是「医药分离」制度,所以医院是不卖药的,病人在医院看完病后,要自行拿着处方签前往药局拿药。因此医生收入和开药数量、价格是没有挂钩的,可确保病人用药权益,此外病人也可在医师开处方签时,向医师提出自己偏好的药品品牌、价格等要求。

    █「处方药」和「非处方药」

    处方药Preion Drugs/Rx必须持医师处方签才可购买的药品,并由药房的专业药剂师出售。非处方药Non-Preion Drugs/OTC民众可在商店货架上自由购买的一般成药,无须凭借医师处方签,通常是感冒、止痛、消炎药物等,购买前可先咨询店内药师了解哪款非处方药适合自己的症状。


    快速认识处方签只有美国医生开的处方签才能在美国药局购买处方药。

    在药瓶标签上,会显示病人资讯、药品资讯、用量、保质期、处方签有效期限、服用次数、药房资讯、医生和药剂师姓名电话等讯息。处方药的药瓶/盒上会有Rx # (Rx是Preion缩写),即病人的处方号码。

    去哪里买处方药?药局大多数的大型连锁超市都有附设药局,如Costco、Target、Walmart、CVS、Rite-Aid、Walgreens等。

     

    █ 如何省钱买处方药?

     

    购买处方药时可省钱的秘诀:

     

    1. 向医师咨询医师开处方签时,可向医生咨询或直接提出想要的药品价格带。有保险者,也要留意医生有时会开到保险公司不报的药。

    2. 线上做比价同样的药品在不同药局的价格会不同,建议可上处方签药品比价网站GoodRx,查询哪里卖得比较便宜,上面也有提供相关折价券可使用。

    3. 药厂释出的折价券药厂的官网也会不定期推出折价券,拿药前也可以先上网找找。

     

    4. 请药房估价有保险者,可出示保险卡,药房会记下你的RX BIN#,并查询要购买的药品是否在你的保险范围内。无保险者,可告知药房想要最便宜的药,药师会为你查询是否有可替代的便宜药品,并请医师重新开立处方。

     

    5. 善用Generic药物Genetic 药物是指药物专利过期后,其他厂家使用同样的配方生产且经过美国药监局FDA批准具有同样疗效的药物。Genetic药物由于不用再进行研发实验等巨额前期投入,所以会比原厂专利药物(Brand Name)便宜很多,通常是Brand Name处方药的10%-50%不等。在拿药时也可请药剂师为你查询可替代Brand Name药物的Generic 药品。处方签药品比价网站GoodRx(https://www.goodrx.com/)上面也有提供Generic药物和Brand Name药物的价格比较。

     

    6. Free Medicine Program免费药品计划某些地区的药局会提供免费的部分常见药品,如常用的抗生素Amlodipine、血压药Lisinopril、糖尿病药Metformin等。像佛州的Publix超市和密西根州的Meijer超市的附设药局就有此计划。

     

    7. Walmart Generic Drug PlanWalmart药局所推出的Generic药品优惠计划,无论你有无医疗保险,只要是该计划上有列出的Generic药物,则1个月份量的药仅需支付$4即可(3个月为$10),不少常见糖尿病和精神科药物等需要吃一辈子的药物都有在该名单上。所以呢,如果自己的处方药单刚好有些药品是符合Walmart Generic Drug Plan,那就可以将该药品转到Walmart省钱喔。如果不知道自己的药品时Brand Name还是Generic、是否符合Walmart Generic Drug Plan,也可请药师协助查询。

     

    Target药局也有类似的4and $ 10 Generic Medication List服务。

     

    8. 转药服务或价格匹配服务(Price Match)转药服务(Transfer Medicine)简单说就是哪里的药价便宜,就转去那里拿药/Refill。转药服务是免费的,有些药局甚至还会提供民众转药利多(如额外折扣)来鼓励大家转至自己的药局。有些药局甚至会提供价格匹配服务(Price Match),例如在旧药局拿的某药价是$4,转药(Transfer)到新药局,新药局还是以旧药局的价格($4)卖给病人。

     

    9. Discount Drug Card Program药品折扣卡各州也有提供免费的Discount Card Program,可自行上网查询。


    如果是身患重病或者需要住院时昂贵的医疗费用个人负担往往高得付不起。那么,没医疗保险的人如何便宜看病?

     

    █ 美国看病流程——有无保险者皆适合!

     

    Step 1:预约看病(线上或电话预约)

     

    Step 2:在指定的预约时间前往诊所候诊

     

    Step 3:病人与医师沟通诊疗,并开处方药/非处方药

     

    Step 4:付费

     

    Step 5:病人离开诊所,并持医师处方签前往任何药局购买处方药

     

    █ 美国拿药常见FAQ

     

    Q1. 在美国如何购买处方药?

    请美国医生为你开处方签,再持处方签去药店购买。没有处方签就不能买处方药。

     

    Q2. 我可以拿A州医生开的处方签到B州药局购买处方药吗?

    基本上是可以的,但各州法律不同,请以各州规定为准。

     

    Q3. 我可以拿在中国/日本/加拿大等其他国家的医生开的处方签在美国买药吗?

    不可以,只有美国医师开的处方签才可以在美国买处方药。

     

    Q4. 我没有医疗保险也可以拿药吗?

    原则上在赴美旅游之前,最好准备好足量的药品。如果在美国旅游期间刚好吃完了或所带药品丢失了,那就花现金去挂号看医师,拿到医师开的处方签后,再去药局拿药。你和有医疗保险者的拿药差别仅在于你必须支付全额药费。


    Q5. 我没有医疗保险,哪里的处方药比较便宜?

    很多大型连锁超市的药店都有4$ List generic medication (如Walmart、Target),可查询自己的药物是否在List上。多利用药品线上比价网站比价,同样药品在不同药局的药价都不同。某些地方的药局会免费提供抗生素药物,如佛州的Publix。各州可能有Discount card program也可善加利用。

     

    附:美国看病常用英语: 教你如何描述病情!


    (1)一般病情

    He feels headache, nausea and vomiting 。(他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。)
    He is under the weather 。(他不舒服,生病了。)
    He began to feel unusually tired 。(他感到反常的疲倦。)
    He feels light-headed 。(他觉得头晕。)
    She has been shut-in for a few days 。(她生病在家几天了。)
    Her head is pounding 。(她头痛。)
    His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills 。(他的症状包括没有食慾、体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。)
    He feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time 。(他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。)
    He has been lacking in energy for some time 。(他感到虚弱有段时间了。)
    He feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated 。(他觉得昏昏欲睡,头晕目眩和想吐。)
    He feels as though everything around him is spinning 。(他感到周围的东西都在打转。)
    He has noticed some loss of hearing 。(他发觉听力差些。)
    She has some pains and itching around her eyes 。(她眼睛四周又痛又痒。)

     

    (2)伤风感冒

    He has been coughing up rusty or greenish-yellow phlegm 。(他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。)
    His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing 。(他眼睛发痒,而且一直在打喷嚏。)
    He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough 。(他有发烧,筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。) (hacking = constant)
    He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise 。(他咳嗽有浓痰,而且觉得很虚弱。) (malaise = debility)
    He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough 。(他伤风咳嗽。)
    He has a headache, aching bones and joints 。(他头痛,骨头、关节也痛。)
    He has a persistent cough 。(他不停地在咳。)
    He has bouts of uncontrollable coughing 。(他一阵阵的咳嗽,难以控制。)
    He has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes 。(他声音嘶哑,有时失声。)
    He has a sore throat and a stuffy nose 。(他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。)
    His breathing is harsh and wheezy 。(他唿吸时,有气喘似的唿哧唿哧作响。)
    He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples 。(有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。)
    He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat 。(他流鼻水,打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。)

     

    (3) 女性疾病

    She has noticed one lump in her breast 。(她发觉乳房有个肿块。)
    There is a hard, swollen lump on her right breast 。(她右乳房有肿块。)
    Her left breast is painful and swollen 。(她左乳房疼痛且肿大。)
    She has heavy bleeding with her periods 。(她月经来的很多。)
    She has noticed occasional spotting of blood between periods 。(在月经来的前後,她有时也发觉有滴滴达达的流血。)
    She has painful periods and abnormal vaginal discharge 。(她月经来时疼痛。)

     

    (4)男性疾病

    He urinates more frequently than usual 。(他小便比平时多。)
    He has difficulty controlling his bladder 。(他很难控制小便。)(bladder是膀胱)
    He has had burning or pain when he urinates 。(他小便时感到发烫和疼痛。)
    He is passing less urine than usual 。(他小便比平时少。)
    He has had painless swelling in his scrotum 。(他的阴囊有不痛的肿大。)
    He feels lack of interest in sex 。(他自觉对性的兴趣大减。)
    He has difficulty starting his urine flow 。(他小便不畅通。)
    His urine stream is very weak and slow 。(他小便流动得很慢很弱。)
    He dribbles a little urine after he has finished urinating 。(他小便後,还会有少量零星地滴下。)
    His urine is cloudy and it smells strong 。(他的小便混浊,而且气味不好。)
    He has a dull heavy ache in the crotch 。(他的胯部感到隐痛。)
    He has a small leakage of urine when he coughs or sneezes 。(他咳嗽或打喷嚏时,会有点泄尿。)
    He has trouble urinating 。(他小便有困难。)

     

    (5) 手脚毛病

    His both hands and feet ache all over 。(他两手两脚都很酸痛。)
    He has pain on the sole of his feet 。(他脚底很痛。)
    There is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot 。(我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。)
    His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger 。(他的足踝好像肿了,用手按,就有小坑痕。) (pit = small dent form)
    (句里的they 和them 都是指ankles)
    The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling 。(左脚酸痛,并有红肿。)
    The joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen 。(指头和指节旁边的关节,似乎有肿大。)
    He has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers 。(他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。)
    His legs become painful following strenuous exercise 。(激烈运动後,他的腿就痛。)
    His knee is misshapen or unable to move 。(他的膝盖有点畸形,也不能动。)
    There are some swellings in his armpit 。(他的腋窝肿大。)
    He is troubled with painful muscles and joints 。(他的筋骨和关节都痛。)
    She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders 。(她的後背和肩膀都痛。)
    His knee has been bothering him for some time 。(他的膝盖不舒服,已有一段时间了。)

     

    (6) 睡眠不好

    He is sleeping poorly 。(他睡不好) 
    He has difficulty in sleeping, inability to concentrate 。(他不易入睡,也难集中精神。)
    It is usually hard for her to fall asleep when she goes to bed at night 。(她晚上就寝,很难入睡。)
    He wakes during the night or early morning and finds it difficult to fall asleep again 。(他晚间或清早醒来後,再也不能入睡。)
    He has nightmares occasionally 。(他有时做噩梦。)

     

    (7) 呼吸方面

    His breathing has become increasingly difficult 。(他呼吸越来越困难。) 
    He has to breathe through his mouth 。(他要用口呼吸。)
    He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless 。(他喘气;即使不运动,他也是上气不接下气。)
    His cough is more like wheezing 。(他的咳嗽有唿哧唿哧的响声。)
    His cough is dry, producing no phlegm 。(他是乾咳,没有痰。)
    He has coughed up blood 。(他咳嗽有血。)
    His nose stuffed up when he had a cold 。(他感冒时鼻子就不通。)
    He coughs up a lot of phlegm (thick spit) on most days。(他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。)
    He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating 。(他胸部觉得闷闷的,好像透不过气来。)

     

    (8) 口腔毛病

    He has pain in his teeth or jaw 。(他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。)
    He has some problems with his teeth 。(他牙齿有问题。)
    The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it 。(他咬东西时,牙齿就痛。)
    (动词时态:hurt, hurt, hurt; bite, bit, bit)
    His gums are red and swollen 。(他的牙床红肿。)
    His tongue is red and sore all over 。(他的舌头到处红和痛。)
    His breath smells bad and he has a foul taste in his mouth 。(他口里有怪味。)
    His gums do bleed 。(他牙床有出血。)
    He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw 。(他的牙床和下巴肿痛。)
    He has sore places on or around the lip 。(他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。)
    There are cracks at the corners of his mouth 。(他的嘴巴角落破了。)
    There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue 。(他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。)

     

    (9) 肠胃毛病

    He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal 。(他饭後肚子觉得胀胀的,很不舒服。)或
    He feels bloated after eating 。
    He has bouts of abdominal pain 。(他有一阵阵的肚痛。)
    He feels bloated in his abdominal area 。(他感到肚子胀胀的。)
    (注:胀胀的,像「puff up」,但不是真正的肿「swell up」。)
    The pain is mainly in the lower (upper) right part of the abdomen。(痛是在肚子下半部。)
    He has nausea and vomiting 。(他有恶心和呕吐。)
    It is difficult or painful for him to swallow 。(他吞下食物时会痛。)
    He has passed more gas than usual 。(他放…比平常多。)
    He has been constipated for a few days 。(他便秘了好几天。)
    He suffers pains when he moves his bowels 。(他大便时很痛。)
    He has some bleeding from his rectum 。(他的肛门出血。)
    He has noticed some blood in his bowel movements 。(他发觉大便时有些血。)
    His bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling 。(他大便呈灰白色,含油脂的恶臭。)或His bowel movements are grey (or black) in color。(他的大便呈灰白色。)
    He has trouble with diarrhea 。(他拉肚子。)

     

    (10) 血压等等

    His blood pressure is really up 。(他的血压很高。)
    High blood pressure is creeping up on him 。
    He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness 。(他发觉常常小便,非常口渴和更加疲倦。)
    It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down 。(他弯腰或躺下时,胸部更痛。)
    He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness 。(他体会到过度的出汗和难以解释的疲倦。)
    He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine 。(他的嵴椎某部位刺痛。)
    He has pain in other joints including hip, knee and ankle 。(其它关节疼痛包括臀部、膝盖和脚踝。)
    His eyes seem to be bulging 。(他的眼睛觉得有点肿胀。)
    He has double vision 。(他的视线有双重影子。)
    He feels there is a film over his eyes 。(他觉得眼里有种薄膜似的东西,挡住视线。)
    His vision in the right eye blurred 。(他右眼视线模煳不清。)
    He has had some earaches lately 。(他近来耳朵有点痛。)
    He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears 。(他耳朵常有嗡嗡的声音。)


    看完这一篇,大家应该都能了解,在美国旅游期间,没有医疗保险如何买药和看病了!以及,用什么方法和渠道可以节省这方面的费用了!

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