英国地理信息科学专业详解
地理信息系统(Geographic Information Systems)是近20年来新兴的一门集地理学、计算机、遥感技术和地图学于一体的边缘学科。GIS专业建立在地理学基础上,以计算机技术为主要辅助手段。相对于地理学专业,此专业侧重培养学生的计算机技能,培养学生用计算机解决地理信息问题的能力,而不仅仅是地理学本身。就业范围广,能在科研机构或高等学校从事科学研究或教学工作,能在城市、区域、资源、环境、交通、人口、住房、土地、灾害、基础设施和规划管理等领域的政府部门、金融机构、公司、高校、规划设计院所,从事与地理信息系统有关的应用研究、技术开发、生产管理和行政管理等工作的高级专门人才。
简单地说,GIS就是把地图信息存储到计算机里,制成电子地图,使人们通过计算机迅速查询到目标。比如,应用这种技术可以制成城市电子地图,我们在查询公共汽车路线时,只需输入起点和终点的名称,就可以查询出相关车次,并获取沿途经过的道路和换乘车站等地理信息。GIS实用价值巨大,可以广泛应用于城市用地规划、交通规划、自然资源保护、水气管道及灾害监测和预防等领域,已逐渐成为信息产业的重要组成部分。
国外GIS研究时间较长,已经形成相对成熟的产业,我国GIS产业发展时间比较短,虽然也有一些高科技企业,但规模比较小,许多科研成果有待走出实验室,所以公众对其认知度还不高。但应该看到,GIS产业属于国家大力扶持的高新技术产业,发展非常迅速,尤其是随着“中国G协会”和“中国海外GIS协会”的成立以及一批相关高科技企业的建立,我国GIS的研究和开发已经步入初步繁荣,在不久的将来必将成为高新技术产业中新的经济增长点,所以该专业毕业生也将具有良好的就业前景。
英国该专业硕士课程学制通常是一年制。目前约有二十多所大学开设GIS硕士课程,分布在规划、环境、地球科学等院系或者地理院系或者计算机科学等院系中。在中国GIS近几年也有着广泛的实践和应用空间。其中较为热门的研究方向包括空间认知(Spatial Cognition)、海量数据库机构体系(Institutional Aspects of Spatial Data Infrastructure)、空间本体论(Spatial Ontologies)、空间决策支持系统(Spatial Decision Support System)、时空数据关系及建模(Space and Space/Time Analysis and Modeling)、GIS和RS技术的集成(Incorporating Remotely Sensed Data and Information in GIS )、时空数据语义研究(Geospatial Semantic Web)、空间数据共享以及互操作研究(Integration)等。
英国学校地理信息系统专业详解
伦敦大学学院(University College London)
MSc Geographic Information Science
核心课程:
GIS Principles and Technology
Principles of Spatial Analysis
Mapping Science
Representations, Structures and Algorithms
选修课:
At least 30 credits of optional modules selected from:
Geographical Information System Design
Spatio-Temporal Analysis and Data Mining
Web and Mobile GIS
Plus no more than 30 credits of optional modules (all term two) selected from:
Airborne Data Acquisition
Geodemographics and Population Geography
Image Understanding
Management/Group Project
Network and Location Analysis
Ocean and Coastal Zone Management
Positioning
Research Methods
Spatial Decision Support
Terrestrial Data Acquisition
入学要求:A minimum of an upper second-class UK Bachelor's degree in a relevant discipline or an overseas qualification of an equivalent standard. Extensive work experience covering related areas will be considered.
语言要求:IELTS Overall grade of 6.5 with a minimum of 6.0 in each of the subtests.
爱丁堡大学(University of Edinburgh)
MSc Geographical Information Science and Archaeology
核心课程:
Principles of GIS for Archaeologists
Introduction to Spatial Analysis
Spatial Modelling
Research Sources and Strategies in Archaeology
Research Practice and Project Planning
选修课程:
Advanced Spatial Database Methods
Distributed GIS Frontiers in Archaeology: Research Seminars
Fundamentals for Remote Sensing
Further Spatial Analysis
GeoVisualisation
Hyperspectral Remote Sensing
Introduction to Radar Remote Sensing
Object Oriented Software Engineering Principles
Object Oriented Software Engineering: Spatial Algorithms
The Scottish Lowlands: Archaeology and Landscape before the Normans
Theoretical Archaeology
入学要求:A UK 2:1 degree or its international equivalent. A UK 2:2, or its international equivalent, may also be accepted with relevant industrial or business experience.
语言要求:IELTS 7.0 (with no score lower than 6.0 in each section)
英国生物信息学专业详解
生物信息学是近年来发展并完善起来的热门交叉学科,最初常被称为基因组信息学。生物学是生物信息学的核心和灵魂,数学与计算机技术则是它的基本工具。广义地说,生物信息学是用数理和信息科学的观点、理论和方法去研究生命现象、组织和分析呈现指数增长的生物学数据的一门学科。据预计,作为新兴交叉学科的生物信息学专业人才,将成为21世纪国际、国内最紧缺的人才类型之一。
英国生物信息学专业课程
生物学、生物化学、分子生物学、生物统计学、数据库、计算机软件基础、生物信息学、基因芯片技术、生命系统建模等。
生物信息学就业方向
该专业的毕业生可以选择继续在生物学和生物信息领域进行深造,也有机会加入学院的研究室从事热点生物信息研究,也可以在公共部门和私人企业间与生物信息应用相关的岗位工作。
帝国理工学院(Imperial College London)
MSc in Bioinformatics and Theoretical Systems Biology
In the first term, you take courses in:
Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Statistical learning
Computing
Mathematics and Statistical Inference
The remainder of the year is devoted to three full-time research projects, undertaken under the supervision of researchers at Imperial:
a Computing project, in teams, to develop a substantial piece of software - the development of a functional genomics database with a web-based user interface is an example of a previous project
a Data Analysis project, giving you the chance to work on the statistical and computational analysis of biological or biomedical datasets in collaboration with experimental/clinical groups within the College
a Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Project, undertaken in a research lab at Imperial, and involving substantial use of bioinformatics tools and/or development of bioinformatics and systems biology methods
入学要求:Applicants with a first degree in biological, physical, computational or mathematical courses are welcome to apply
语言要求:An overall score of 6.5, with 6 in the Writing and Speaking modules
莱斯特大学(University of Leicester)
MSc Bioinformatics
课程设置:
General Computing Skills
Java and Databases for Bioinformatics
Algorithms for Bioinformatics
Gene and Genome Analysis
Perl for Bioinformatics
Proteins
Steered Research Project (each student undertakes a project involving database development, sequence analysis and programming).
Independent Research Project (each student undertakes a project involving original, independent research, in an approved company, external institution or in the University)
入学要求:You have a first or second class Honours degree in Biological Sciences or a related scientific discipline, or an equivalent qualification
语言要求:IELTS score of 6.5