昨天晚上和梁桂琴老师（博客号：https://liuxue.xdf.cn/blog/liangguiqin/）闲聊，谈到了运动康复，这个专业，目前在国内还比较小众，但是在国外该专业发展已经是相当的成熟，那么在下边微博中就来简单介绍一下这个专业的概况和就业情况。
经过整理，运动康复比较好的专业有（选校由郑海朋老师提供，博客号：https://liuxue.xdf.cn/blog/zhenghaipeng/）：
1. UCL- Physical Therapy in Musculoskeletal Healthcare and Rehabilitation MSc
2. Edinburgh- Physical Activity for Health MSc
3. KCL- Physiotherapy (Pre-Registration) MSc（2年）
4. Glasgow- SPORT & EXERCISE SCIENCE & MEDICINE MSc
5. Birmingham- Physiotherapy (pre-registration) MSc
6. Nottingham- Applied Sport and Exercise Medicine MSc
- Sports and Exercise Medicine MSc
7. Southampton- Physiotherapy (MSc)
8. Cardiff- Physiotherapy (MSc)
我们先来对UCL和Edinburgh这两个学校的相关专业进行分析：
一、UCL- Physical Therapy in Musculoskeletal Healthcare and Rehabilitation MSc
1. 课程介绍：
This unique programme is designed to provide an education in the underlying scientific principles of physical therapy - physiotherapy, osteopathy, sports therapy - and an opportunity to experience the clinical application of specialist rehabilitation techniques with expert clinicians at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital (RNOH).
该专业关注物理治疗(物理治疗、整骨疗法、运动疗法)，学习该专业有机会与皇家国家骨科医院的专家临床医生一起体验专科康复技术的临床应用。
The programme is aimed at physical therapists (physiotherapists, osteopaths, chiropractors, chiropodists), medical professionals (GPs, rheumatologists, nurses) with an interest in the musculoskeletal system, and biomedical science and bioengineering graduates with an interest in musculoskeletal science.
本课程面向对肌肉骨骼系统感兴趣的物理治疗师(物理治疗师、整骨治疗师、脊椎指脊治疗师、足科医师)、医学专业人士(全科医生、风湿病学家、护士)，以及对肌肉骨骼科学感兴趣的生物医学科学和生物工程毕业生。
2. 入学要求：
A minimum of a second-class UK Bachelor's degree in a related medical, biological science or bioengineering discipline, a clinical qualification, or an overseas qualification of an equivalent standard.
医学、生物科学或生物工程学科，临床资格，或同等标准的海外资格是学习该专业的基础。
Advanced level: Overall grade of 7.5 with a minimum of 6.5 in each of the subtests.
雅思总分7.5，单项:6.5
Equivalent qualifications for China
Bachelor's degree with a minimum overall average mark of 80%. Please note that a number of programmes / departments will require higher marks.
Alternative qualifications
Medical/ Dental/ Master's degree; Doctorate.
对中国学生的要求是80分。
3. 核心课程：
Research Methodologies and Transferable Skills
研究方法和可转移技能
Research Governance
研究治理
Clinical Aspects of Musculoskeletal Medicine and Surgery (Part I)
肌肉骨骼医学与外科学临床
Musculoskeletal Tissue Biology - Form and Function
肌肉骨骼组织生物学-形式和功能
Musculoskeletal Tissue Biology - Disease and Dysfunction
肌肉骨骼组织生物学-疾病和功能障碍
Rehabilitation and Multi-Dimensional Patient Management
康复与多维病人管理
Movement Science and Pain
运动科学与疼痛
Musculoskeletal Biomechanics and Application in Physical Therapy
肌肉骨骼生物力学及其在物理治疗中的应用
Project Report and Oral Examination Thereon
项目报告与答辩
二、Edinburgh- Physical Activity for Health MSc
1. 课程介绍：
The MSc Physical Activity for Health is designed to provide postgraduate level, academic training for both recent graduates and the existing national and international workforce in the area of physical activity and public health from a range of disciplines including:
体育活动促进健康理学硕士课程旨在为新近毕业的学生和现有的国家和国际劳动力提供体育活动和公共健康领域的研究生水平的学术培训，这些培训包括:
sport and exercise sciences
health sciences,
psychology
epidemiology
physiology
体育运动科学
健康科学,
心理学
流行病学
生理学
2. 入学要求：
A UK 2:1 honours degree, or its international equivalent, in a relevant discipline such as sport and exercise science, physical education, health sciences, psychology or physiology.
We may also consider your application if you have equivalent academic qualifications and significant professional training and experience; please contact us to check before you apply.
英国2:1荣誉学位，或其国际同等学位，在相关学科，如体育和运动科学，体育教育，健康科学，心理学或生理学。
如果你具有同等学历和重要的专业培训及经验，我们亦会考虑你的申请; 请在申请前与我们联络。
IELTS Academic: total 6.5 with at least 6.0 in each component.
雅思总分6.5，单项：6.0
Band A: a minimum of 85% awarded by a university on our Priority List
Band B: a minimum of 80% awarded by a university on our Priority List
Band C: a minimum of 80%, awarded by a university on our Priority List
OR a minimum of 85% (“normal” level) from any recognised university
Band D: a minimum of 80% from any recognised university
对不同级别的中国学校，爱丁堡大学有不同的要求。
3. 核心课程：
（1）Compulsory courses:
Assessment of Physical Activity and Body Composition
Physical Activity for Health
Physical Activity for Health Across the Lifespan
Psychology of Physical Activity
Research Process
Understanding Research Concepts
必修课:
身体活动和身体组成的评估
体育活动促进健康
身体活动有益于生命的健康
体育活动心理学
研究过程
理解研究概念
（2）Optional courses:
Sport, Society and International Development
Sport and Exercise Medicine
Preventive Dance Medicine
Social Determinants of Health
Developing and Evaluating Complex Public Health Interventions
选修课:
体育、社会和国际发展
运动与运动医学
预防医学跳舞
健康的社会决定因素
制定和评估复杂的公共卫生干预措施
三、就业建议
（https://www.css.edu/about/blog/9-physical-therapy-specialties-to-pursue-in-your-career/ Accessed on : 2021/12/23）
1. Pediatrics
If you love working with children, pediatric physical therapy may be the specialty for you. Physical therapists in this field work with a range of children, from newborns to teenagers. They work to treat a variety of disorders and conditions that inhibit children from functioning or growing as they should. Commonly seen are developmental delays, cerebral palsy, cystic fibrosis, scoliosis and brain injuries.
Pediatric physical therapists can work in environments outside of a hospital. They are also found in schools, outpatient centers, rehabilitation facilities and, at times, in the patient’s home. In addition to treating children, physical therapists may work with family members to educate them on caring for and assisting their child.
儿科
如果你喜欢和孩子一起工作，儿科物理治疗可能是你的专长。 这个领域的理疗师治疗的儿童范围很广，从新生儿到青少年。 它们的工作是治疗各种障碍和条件，抑制儿童的功能或成长应有的。 常见的有发育迟缓、脑瘫、囊性纤维化、脊柱侧弯和脑损伤。
儿科物理治疗师可以在医院以外的环境中工作。 在学校、门诊中心、康复设施，有时在病人家里也能找到它们。 除了治疗孩子，物理治疗师可能会与家庭成员一起工作，教育他们如何照顾和帮助他们的孩子。
2. Sports
Athletes who have sustained an injury may be very familiar with this physical therapy specialty. Physical therapists who specialize in sports medicine work to alleviate and heal injuries caused while engaging in an athletic activity.
Common sports injuries include ACL tears, concussions, tennis elbow, hip flexor strains and shoulder injuries such as dislocation of the joint or tearing in the rotator cuff. Physical therapists use strengthening, stretching, manual therapy, hydrotherapy and heat or cold application to restore function and movement to patient’s affected areas. For sports therapy, patients are likely athletes who want to return to peak performance, so restoring muscle strength, improving speed, quickening reaction time and improving agility are often areas of focus.
体育
受过伤的运动员可能对这个物理治疗专业非常熟悉。 专攻运动医学的物理治疗师致力于减轻和治愈在从事体育活动时所造成的伤害。
常见的运动损伤包括前交叉韧带撕裂、脑震荡、网球肘、髋关节屈肌拉伤和肩关节脱位或肌腱套撕裂等肩部损伤。 物理治疗师使用强化，伸展，手工疗法，水疗和热敷或冷敷来恢复病人受影响区域的功能和运动。 在运动疗法中，患者可能是想要恢复到巅峰状态的运动员，因此恢复肌肉力量、提高速度、加快反应时间和提高敏捷性通常是重点。
3. Women’s health
Physical therapists can specialize in women’s health, which refers to both specific conditions women face as well as the treatment of women at different stages of their life. Physical therapists in this specialty can work to treat conditions such as pelvic pain, osteoporosis and lymphedema, while also providing prenatal and postnatal care.
Women’s health can also include working with women of all ages and lifestyles — from female athletes to older women, physical therapists understand female musculoskeletal systems and how common conditions can affect women differently than men. Their main goal is to help maintain and promote health throughout a woman’s lifespan.
妇女的健康
物理治疗师可以专门研究妇女的健康，这涉及妇女所面临的具体情况以及妇女在其生命不同阶段所受到的治疗。 这个专业的物理治疗师可以治疗盆腔疼痛、骨质疏松和淋巴水肿等疾病，同时也提供产前和产后护理。
女性健康还可以包括与所有年龄和生活方式的女性合作——从女性运动员到老年女性，物理治疗师了解女性肌肉骨骼系统，以及常见疾病对女性的影响与男性不同。 他们的主要目标是帮助女性在一生中保持和促进健康。
4. Geriatrics
Geriatric physical therapy is a growing field, as the baby boomer generation ages and begins to experience more age-related conditions. Physical therapists in this area work with elderly patients to alleviate pain from arthritis, osteoporosis and general joint stiffness and soreness. The goal is to help these patients remain as physically healthy and active as possible.
Some geriatric patients may have progressive diseases such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s that have no cure and impact everyday activities. Physical therapists work with these patients to help them build muscle strength, improve their balance and help prevent falls. They will also work to educate family members and caregivers on how to take care of and assist the patient once they’re home.
老年病学
老年物理治疗是一个不断增长的领域，因为婴儿潮一代开始变老，并开始经历更多与年龄相关的疾病。 这个领域的物理治疗师与老年患者一起工作，以减轻关节炎、骨质疏松症和一般关节僵硬和疼痛。 目的是帮助这些患者尽可能保持身体健康和活跃。
一些老年患者可能患有进展性疾病，如帕金森氏症或阿尔茨海默氏症，无法治愈，影响日常活动。 物理治疗师与这些病人一起工作，帮助他们增强肌肉力量，改善他们的平衡，并帮助防止跌倒。 他们还将致力于教育家庭成员和护理人员如何在病人回家后照顾和帮助他们。
5. Clinical electrophysiology
Clinical electrophysiology encompasses two distinct forms of treatment: electrotherapy and wound management. Electrotherapy involves the use of electromyography (EMG). EMG is a procedure used to determine the health of muscles and nerve cells; using electrodes, the EMG can measure the electrical activity in a muscle. With this information, physical therapists can help to treat disorders in a patient’s muscles or nerves.
Physical therapists practicing within this specialty may employ electrotherapy to help treat their patients. Electrotherapy — or the use of electrical simulation — can help to prevent blood clots, facilitate wound healing, relax muscle spasms, improve blood circulation and alleviate pain. It has also been shown to accelerate wound healing. Common wounds treated by electrotherapy include abrasions, post-surgical incisions, diabetic ulcers and lacerations.
临床电生理学
临床电生理学包括两种不同的治疗形式:电疗法和伤口处理。 电疗法使用肌电图(EMG)。 肌电图是一种用来确定肌肉和神经细胞健康状况的程序; 通过使用电极，肌电图可以测量肌肉的电活动。 有了这些信息，物理治疗师可以帮助治疗病人的肌肉或神经紊乱。
在这个专业的物理治疗师可以使用电疗法来帮助治疗他们的病人。 电疗——或使用电子模拟疗法——可以帮助防止血栓，促进伤口愈合，放松肌肉痉挛，改善血液循环和减轻疼痛。 它也被证明能加速伤口愈合。 电疗治疗的常见伤口包括擦伤、术后切口、糖尿病溃疡和撕裂伤。
6. Cardiovascular and pulmonary
For those interested in heart health, cardiovascular physical therapy is worth considering. Physical therapists in this specialty provide cardiac rehabilitation for patients who have suffered heart attacks, have heart disease or are simply looking to improve overall cardiac health. In cardiac rehabilitation, physical therapists help patients build their endurance through exercise, while also teaching patients how to reduce stress and manage their conditions. Cardiac physical therapy can be performed at a hospital or in an outpatient center.
The other half of this specialty is pulmonary rehabilitation. Physical therapists who provide this care work with patients who have pulmonary conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis or sarcoidosis. Physical therapists teach these patients breathing exercises, work to strengthen muscles and endurance, and provide education on long-term management of the condition or disease.
心血管和肺
对于那些对心脏健康感兴趣的人来说，心血管物理疗法值得考虑。 该专业的物理治疗师为心脏病发作、患有心脏病或只是想改善整体心脏健康的患者提供心脏康复服务。 在心脏康复治疗中，物理治疗师通过锻炼帮助患者建立耐力，同时也教患者如何减轻压力和控制病情。 心脏物理治疗可以在医院或门诊中心进行。
这个专业的另一半是肺康复。 提供这种护理的物理治疗师为患有慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、囊性纤维化或结节病等肺部疾病的患者工作。 物理治疗师教这些病人呼吸练习，加强肌肉和耐力的工作，并提供长期管理的情况或疾病的教育。
7. Neurology
Neurological physical therapists work to treat conditions of the nervous and spinal systems. Patients may have a range of afflictions, including brain or spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, sciatica, neuropathy, fibromyalgia and cerebral palsy. These conditions may inhibit patients’ balance, coordination, sensations and overall movement. Physical therapists then work with these patients to reduce motor defects and help regain or improve function.
Physical therapists can specialize in neurology in a variety of settings. They may work in hospitals to support patients who have had recent brain or spinal cord injuries, they could work in acute care and rehabilitation centers for long-term therapy or they may work in assisted living facilities assisting elderly patients.
神经学
神经物理治疗师的工作是治疗神经和脊髓系统的情况。 患者可能会有一系列的病痛，包括大脑或脊髓损伤、多发性硬化症、坐骨神经痛、神经病、纤维肌痛和脑瘫。 这些情况可能会抑制患者的平衡、协调、感觉和整体运动。 然后，物理治疗师与这些患者一起工作，以减少运动缺陷，帮助恢复或改善功能。
物理治疗师可以在各种情况下专攻神经学。 他们可以在医院工作，支持最近有脑或脊髓损伤的病人，他们可以在急性护理和康复中心工作，进行长期治疗，或者他们可以在辅助生活设施工作，帮助老年病人。
8. Orthopedics
The most popular physical therapy specialty is orthopedic physical therapy, which involves treating conditions of the bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons and joints. Physical therapists in this specialty may see a range of patients, such as those who suffer from arthritis, have broken bones, have had joint replacement surgery or who have recently strained or sprained any muscle or ligament.
While there is overlap with orthopedics and sports medicine, orthopedic physical therapists treat anyone, not just athletes or those who have sports-related injuries. Those who see an orthopedic physical therapist may be treated using methods such as stretching, exercise, strength training, hot and cold applications and electrical muscle stimulation.
整形外科
最受欢迎的物理治疗专业是矫形物理治疗，包括治疗骨骼、肌肉、韧带、肌腱和关节的情况。 这个专业的理疗师可能会治疗各种各样的病人，比如关节炎患者、骨折患者、做过关节置换手术的患者，或者最近拉伤或扭伤任何肌肉或韧带的患者。
虽然与骨科和运动医学有重叠，但骨科物理治疗师治疗任何人，而不仅仅是运动员或那些有运动相关损伤的人。 那些去看骨科物理治疗师的人可能会使用拉伸、运动、力量训练、冷热应用和肌肉电刺激等方法来治疗。
9. Oncology
Oncology refers to the study and treatment of different types of cancer. Physical therapists within this specialty work with patients who have either been diagnosed with or who are recovering from cancer. Cancer can cause many symptoms or conditions that require physical therapy; pain, muscle weakness, joint stiffness, loss of endurance, difficulty walking, numbness in feet and hands and loss of bone density can all occur as a result of treatment.
Physical therapists work with cancer patients to help them feel more comfortable, increase their aerobic capacity, lose weight, improve memory and strengthen any weakened muscles. They accomplish this by developing treatment plans using exercise, massage, electrical stimulation, compression garments and stretching to help patients both in the clinic and at home.
肿瘤学
肿瘤学是研究和治疗不同类型癌症的学科。 这个专业的物理治疗师为那些被诊断出患有癌症或正在从癌症中康复的病人工作。 癌症可以引起许多需要物理治疗的症状或状况; 疼痛、肌肉无力、关节僵硬、耐力丧失、行走困难、手脚麻木和骨密度下降都可能是治疗的结果。
物理治疗师与癌症患者一起工作，帮助他们感觉更舒服，增加他们的有氧能力，减肥，改善记忆和加强任何虚弱的肌肉。 他们通过制定治疗计划来实现这一目标，这些计划包括锻炼、按摩、电刺激、压缩衣和伸展运动，在诊所和家庭中帮助患者。
四、物理治疗师工作内容：
https://explorehealthcareers.org/career/physical-therapy/physical-therapist/
Accessed on [2021/12/23]
Diagnose patients’ functions and movements by observing them stand, walk or perform activities/tasks; performing various tests and measures; and listening to their concerns.
Design individualized plans of care based on their medical expertise, best available research, the patients’ unique situations and goals and the expected outcomes of the plans.
Use techniques such as exercises, hands-on therapy and equipment to ease patients’ pain, help them increase their mobility, prevent further pain or injury and facilitate health and wellness.
Evaluate a patients’ progress and modify their plans of care, when necessary, to try new treatments.
Educate patients and their families about what to expect and how best to cope with a recovery process.
Develop and implement discharge plans.
通过观察患者站立、行走或执行活动/任务，诊断患者的功能和动作; 进行各种测试和措施; 倾听他们的担忧。
根据他们的医学专长、最佳可用研究、病人的独特情况和目标以及计划的预期结果，设计个性化的护理计划。
使用锻炼、动手治疗和设备等技术来减轻病人的痛苦，帮助他们增加行动能力，防止进一步的疼痛或受伤，并促进健康和福祉。
评估病人的进展，必要时修改他们的治疗计划，尝试新的治疗方法。
教育病人和他们的家人，让他们知道在康复过程中会发生什么，以及如何最好地应对。
制定和实施排放计划。
五、健康人同样需要物理治疗师：
https://explorehealthcareers.org/career/physical-therapy/physical-therapist/
Accessed on [2021/12/23]
A few of the health conditions commonly treated by physical therapists are as follows:
Arthritis
Back and neck pain
Brain injury
Cancer-related complications
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Cerebral palsy
Chronic pain
Cystic fibrosis
Diabetes
Fall risk and balance issues
Fibromyalgia
Fractures and multiple trauma
Incontinence
Joint injuries, including to knee and ankle
Lymphedema
Multiple sclerosis
Muscle strains
Obesity
Osteoporosis
Parkinson’s disease
Pelvic pain
Plantar fasciitis
Post-operative rehabilitation
Rotator cuff injuries
Spinal cord injuries and birth defects
Sports injuries
关节炎
背部和颈部疼痛
脑损伤
癌症相关的并发症
腕管综合症
脑瘫
慢性疼痛
囊性纤维化
糖尿病
跌倒风险和平衡问题
纤维肌痛症
骨折和多发性创伤
尿失禁
关节损伤，包括膝盖和脚踝
淋巴水肿
多发性硬化症
肌肉拉伤
肥胖
骨质疏松症
帕金森病
盆腔痛
足底筋膜炎
术后康复
肩袖损伤
脊髓损伤和出生缺陷
运动损伤
六、国外薪资水平
https://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/physical-therapist/salary
Accessed on [2021/12/23]
Physical Therapists made a median salary of $89,440 in 2019. The best-paid 25 percent made $104,210 that year, while the lowest-paid 25 percent made $73,940.
该行业的平均薪资是89,440美元，赚的最多的25%物理治疗师的薪资可以达到104,210美金，而薪资最低的25%也有73,940美金的收入。
