雅思写作的话题是有规律可循的，其中最高频的三大话题是-教育、环境、科技。在这一系列的雅思备考资料中，我们为同学们准备了18道历史真题，并且提供参考论点，同学们可以收藏起来认真备考哦！
教育类
题目1
高比例大学生的利与弊
Some people believe that a country will benefit greatly by a high percentage of young people going to university while others argue that it only leads to higher unemployment rate. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
题目解读：
这篇大作文是属于教育类的题目，提问方式属于双方讨论的类型，主要是关于高比例的大学生是让国家受益还是导致更高的失业率这两个方面来展开讨论。这个题目可以写两个主体段，分别从两个方面的原因去回应题目。
正方：高比例的大学生让国家受益
原因1：受到良好教育的大学生能够成为这个国家有竞争力和全面发展的劳动力，有利于提高社会生产率。
University students who are well-educated can become competitive and all-rounded workforce of the nation, which is conducive to boosting the productivity of the society.
原因2： 大学生思想更加开放，这使他们在学术研究、科技和艺术等各个领域有所创新。
Graduate students who tend to be more open-minded are highly likely to innovate in a wide range of fields such as academic research, technology and art.
反方：高比例的大学生导致更高的失业率
原因1：大学生的比例高会削弱他们的竞争优势，导致就业压力增大。
A high proportion of applicants with university diplomas in the job market may reduce their competitive edge, contributing to the increasing pressure of employment.
原因2： 一些大学生对工作的期待过高，他们宁愿失业也不愿意选择一些不合适的工作。
Some university graduates have excessively high expectation of their targeted jobs and they would rather be unemployed than take some unsuitable positions.
相关词汇
well-educated 受过良好教育的
all-rounded 全面发展的
open-minded 思想开放的
innovate 创新
conducive to (doing sth.) 有利于
boost productivity 提高生产率
a wide range of 范围广
competitive edge/advantage 竞争优势
targeted job 目标的工作
be unemployed 失业
补充词汇
literacy rate 识字率
overall development全面发展
social skills社交能力
apply…into practice 运用…到实践
academic qualification 学术资格证
improve the employability 提升就业能力
productive members of society 对社会有贡献的人
specialized skill 专业技能
题目2
大学学费是否应该完全自费
Some people believe that university students should pay all the cost of studies because university education only benefit the students themselves not the society as a whole. To what extent do you agree or disagree？
题目解读：
这个话题是围绕“大学学费是否应该完全自费的角度”展开的，很妙的是题目中设置了一个对应原因“大学生是大学教育的受益者”，所以建议学生们在写作这个话题的时候要考虑题目立场设定的狭隘性，回答的时候尽可能不选择题目内容的持方。
正方：大学生应该支付所有的学费因为他们是大学教育的受益者。
原因1：受过大学教育的人比没有接受过大学教育的人未来薪酬待遇更高，所以他们支付所有的教育费用是很合理的。
It is justifiable for university graduates to pay the full tuition because they can earn a higher salary than the less well-educated people.
原因2：受过大学教育的人比没有接受过大学教育的人未来就业机会更多，所以他们支付所有受教育费用也是正常的。
People who attend university usually benefit through greater opportunities; therefore, it is logical to expect them to fully fund their own education.
反方：大学生不应该支付所有的学费因为除了他们还有其他群体也受益于大学教育。
原因1：政府受益于大学教育远多过于学生本身，所以要求学生支付全部学费是很荒谬的。
It is absurd to place all the costs of higher education onto the students as the entire society gets more benefits than the education-receivers themselves.
原因2：不可否认，要求学生支付大学教育的所有费用会增加学生的经济负担，尤其是来自中低收入家庭无法支付学费的学生，这无法确保教育的公平性。
Unquestionably, due to high-cost of university education, self-subsidised pattern probably imposes a heavily financial burden on the students, especially those coming from badly-off background; as a result of it, the fairer access to university education cannot be ensured.
原因3：要求学生支付大学教育费用可能导致学生不愿意去选择那些可能未来就业工资低的职业。
Requiring students to bear the cost of higher education may cause them to avoid courses that lead to less well-paid jobs.
相关词汇
beneficiary n. 受益者
self-funded education n. 自费教育
deprive of v. 剥夺……(的机会)
absurd adj. 荒谬可笑的
justifiable adj. 无可非议的
tuition/tuition fees n. 学费
badly-off 贫困的=deprived=poverty
补充词汇
be motivated by 被驱动
community service 社区服务
high pressure 压力大
lighten the burden of 减轻...的负担
provide more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会
题目3
读书VS.看电视
哪一个更有益于激发想象力
Some people spend more time reading books, while others prefer to watch TV. The former groups are more likely to develop creative imaginations and have a much better grasp of language skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
题目解读：
这题需要注意的是在审题的时候需要区分第一句话是事实，第二句话是观点；所以讨论的时候需要注意围绕着“The former groups are more likely to develop creative imaginations and have a much better grasp of language skills”，讨论的时候需要围绕着阅读是否更能锻炼想象力以及语言技能来展开；在展开论证的时候一定要突出二者之间的对比。我们在破题的时候先考虑“帮助发展想象力和语言能力的因素有哪些，这些因素和阅读还是和看电视有关”。
正方：看书比看电视更能够发展读者的想象力。
原因1： 读书的时候，读者需要自行理解文段的意思，并想象图像;而看电视的时候观众能看到图像，所以没有必要去发挥想象力。
When perusing books, especially those including narrative texts, readers have to interpret the meaning of the words themselves and rely solely on their creativity to conjure the images; by contrast, when watching television, the images used to illustrate the meanings of words are shown on the screen, rendering the audience’s imagination unnecessary.
原因2：书本中使用的语言相对来说比较正式且多样化，而电视节目使用语言相对口语化一些，前者对人们的语言能力提升较为有效。
Compared with the written language in books, which comes with a higher register and covers a wide range of language usage, the language in television programmes is mostly less formal and is rather restricted in improving one’s language proficiency.
原因3：阅读能让读者专注于对文字的理解，这是提高语言能力的有效手段，而这一点恰好是看电视无法做到的。
Unlike watching television where audience’s attention is often diverted to the images and sounds, reading books allows readers to concentrate on the lexicon and grammar, and therefore helps them to better improve their mastery of language.
反方：看电视更容易激发观众的想象力和提升观众的语言能力。
原因1：看电视是从听说的角度出发，给观众进行语言的输入准备，这为之后的语言输出提供了丰富的素材和精确表达的基础，这一点书本无法提供。
Unlike reading books, watching television can provide the audience with sufficient listening and speaking materials, which may be stocked in their linguistic repertoires and can be used in giving precise description of one’s feelings or thoughts.
原因2：对比书本提供的无声静态的世界，电视的特色即动作和声音同时刺激感官能吸引人们的注意力，从而发展他们的想象力。在线咨询
Compared with the silent and static world that one has to imagine when perusing a book, the features of television-motions and sounds-can stimulate different senses and attract people’s attention, and one’s ingenuity can be developed subsequently.
相关词汇
render 致使，使得
stimulate 促进
conjure 想象
visualize 想象，把…视觉化
register 语域
accessible 容易接受的
audience 观众
补充词汇
information technology 信息科技
information technology 信息科技
stimulate interest 激发兴趣
encourage imagination and creativity 促进想象力和创造力
entertaining 有娱乐性的
increase attention span 增强注意力
题目4
政府经费分配给研究生专业问题
Money for postgraduate research is limited. Therefore, some people think financial support from governments should be only provided for scientific research of useful subjects rather than research for less useful subjects. Do you agree or disagree?
题目解读：
这篇大作文是属于政府职能和教育相结合的题目，提问方式属于同意与否的类型，主要内容是政府应该把有限的研究生项目经费只分配给有用科目的科学研究上而不是在不那么有用的科目上。题目中出现了单词only，因此一般要对这个only进行反驳。这个题目可以写三个主体段，每段一个论点，不同意的方面写两段，同意的方面写一个让步段。
同意：政府应该把有限的研究生项目经费只分配给有用科目的科学研究上。
原因：必须承认的是科学和技术领域的成就已成为大部分国家经济发展的驱动力，因此在研究生项目对科学相关的研究资助应该被政府优先考虑。
Admittedly, the achievements in scientific and technological fields have become the driving forces of economic growth in most nations, and thus subsidy in science-related research in postgraduate programs should be prioritized by the authorities.
不同意：政府应该把有限的研究生项目经费分配给所有的科目，不仅限于科学的科目。
原因1：但是，政府对研究生科研的资助不应该只限于科学的科目，其它学科例如文学，哲学和艺术也应该被支持因为研究生教育的目的在于鼓励在不同领域的深入研究和创新。
However, the governmental funding in postgraduate research should not only be restricted to scientific subjects; instead, other majors such as literature, philosophy and art should also be subsidized, because the purpose of postgraduate education is to encourage intensive research and innovation in a wide range of fields.
原因2：研究生项目的不同学科都应该得到同样的财政支持，因为它们对人类的文明和进步作出了巨大的贡献。
Different subjects in postgraduate programs should be funded equally, as they can contribute greatly to the civilization and progress of human beings.
相关词汇
subsidize 资助
fund 资金
prioritize 优先
authority 当局
driving force 驱动力
a wide range of 范围广
补充词汇
curriculum 课程大纲
holistic development 整体的发展
the maximum benefits 最大的好处
match interest 符合兴趣
be tailored to individual needs 满足个性化需要
practical subject 实用科目
题目5
当下儿童承受着比过去更大的社会压力
Today’s children are living under more pressure from the society than children in the past. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
题目解读：
这篇大作文是属于教育类的题目，提问方式属于同意与否的类型，主要内容是现在的孩子比过去要承担更多的社会压力，因此论点的角度一定要紧扣来自社会的压力而不是孩子自身的压力。这个题目可以写三个主体段，每段一个论点，同意的方面写两段，不同意的方面写一个让步段。
同意：孩子们的确面临着比以前更大的压力。
原因1： 不同于以前无忧无虑的孩子，现在的学生要承受越来越大的压力，因为他们要花更多的时间使自己的学术表现更加优秀来满足家长和老师对他们更高的期望。
Unlike those carefree children in the past, today’s students tend to study under growing pressure, as they have to spend more time on excelling in their academic performance in order to meet the higher expectations of parents and teachers.
原因2： 当今的孩子被迫去掌握更多的社会技能，因为他们要全面发展才能在激烈的竞争中取得优势，然而以前的孩子会被鼓励在他们擅长的领域去培养兴趣。
Currently, children are forced to master a wider range of social skills, because they are supposed to become all-rounded so as to possess more competitive edge in the fierce competitions, while youngsters in the past were encouraged to concentrate merely on kindling their interest in their favourite fields.
不同意：孩子们没有面临比以前更大的压力。
原因：相比于过去有限的教育资源，当今社会可以为下一代提供更多的选择去追求他们的目标，这在一定的程度上缓解了他们的压力。
Compared with the limited educational resources in the past, today’s society can offer more options for the next generations to pursue their goals, resulting in the alleviation of their stress to a certain extent.
相关词汇
excel 突出
fierce 激烈的
all-rounded 全面发展的
academic performance 学术表现
social skill 社交技能
competitive edge 竞争优势
concentrate on 集中精力于
kindle one’s interest 激发兴趣
pursue one’s goal 追求目标
ease stress 缓解压力
to a certain extent 在一定的程度上
补充词汇
establish themselves in society 立足社会
inferior complex 自卑感
de-motivated 失去动力的
a sense of competition 竞争意识
题目6
教师是否应该教育学生明辨是非
Some people think that teachers should be responsible for teaching students to judge what is right and wrong so that they can behave well. Others say that teachers should only teach students academic subjects. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
题目解读：
题目解读：这个题目属于教育类的话题，提问的方式为双边讨论，具体讨论的内容在于教师是应该负责教孩子如何明辨是非（思想品德教育）还是只教他们学术科目（正课）。在写作的时候需要从这两个角度回应这个题目。
正方：老师应该负责教孩子如何明辨是非。
原因1：教育的目的是使得孩子成为对社会有用的公民，对学生来说，了解知识很重要，了解获取知识的目的也很重要。知识如果使用不当的话会对社会造成危害。所以相应地教师也应该教孩子应该如何明辨是非。
It is often the case that knowledge of means can be used for a less noble end. For instance, the knowledge about marketing can be also applied in an unprincipled way, fraud. The purpose of education is to help children become active and able member of society, and for students, learning any field of knowledge or any professional endeavor should include acquiring the means and the ends of it. Therefore, teachers should shoulder the responsibility of teaching students of the values and moral codes accepted by the society.
原因2：老师有专门的教学技能，同时对对孩子的行为以及心理有专业知识，能立刻指出孩子们的不当行为并帮助他们改正。
With their teaching skills and specialized knowledge about children’s psychology and behaviours, teachers can immediately identify and correct mischiefs of students in the process of teaching and guiding.
原因3: 有相当数量的家长忙于工作，无暇照顾孩子，而老师作为教育学生的重要一环，应该承担起教育孩子明辨是非的责任。
It is not uncommon to see that many parents are immersed in their works, and under such circumstance, teachers, who are recognized as the most indispensable person of children’s education other than their parents, should take the accountability of teaching children to differentiate right from wrong.
反方：老师应该只教孩子学术科目。
原因1： 对于学术科目的教育非常重要，但是需要大量的时间，老师不一定有精力去教其它内容
While imparting students with comprehensive knowledge and practical techniques, which can help them improve their academic performance and lay a solid foundation for their future development, is acknowledged as the first priority of teachers, the teaching process can be time-consuming and demanding. In other words, if teachers are not required to teach students about morality, they can better concentrate on the teaching of academic subjects.
原因2：老师可能不一定拥有德育所需的知识和技能，甚至有的老师本身品德有问题，因而老师更需要专注于对学术科目的教学。
Teachers do not necessarily possess the skills and knowledge needed for the teaching of values and moral codes, and some teachers may even be flawed in their personality and traits, which suggests that they should be dedicated to the teaching of academic subjects.
相关词汇
moral codes：道德准则
specialized knowledge：专业知识
academic performance：学业表现
be dedicated to 致力于，专注于
demanding 要求高的
accountability 责任
mischief 胡闹
misconduct 坏事，不守规矩
补充词汇
take responsibility 承担责任
guidance of the teachers 老师的指导
a valuable member of any community 成为社会中有价值的成员
respect and obey the rules 尊重与遵循规则
behave selfishly 表现自私
narrow-minded views 心胸狭窄的观点
shape character 形成性格
good manners 有礼貌
role model 道德楷模
a sense of responsibility 责任感
题目7
儿童看电视的利与弊
Some people think it is all bad for children to watch TV, others believe watching TV can bring positive effects on children when they grow up. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
题目解读：
这个话题是围绕“大学学费是否应该完全自费的角度”展开的，很妙的是题目中设置了一个对应原因“大学生是大学教育的受益者”，所以建议学生们在写作这个话题的时候要考虑题目立场设定的狭隘性，回答的时候尽可能不选择题目内容的持方。
看电视对小孩有消极影响
原因一： 看电视上瘾的话，对学习产生消极影响。
Addiction is the main concern for those who support the view that TV programs are harmful. Cartoons, comics, entertaining shows, for example, may allure children to sacrifice precious time for studying and this can lead to poor academic performance
原因二： 某些暴力色情电视节目会对身心造成不良影响。
Inappropriate information, like violent and obscene scenes may exert tremendous negative effect on children’s way to grow as frequent exposure to such programs in a long term may cause mental distortion or illusion.
看电视对小孩有积极影响
原因一： 电视节目有教育意义且有趣。比如说纪录片丰富了小孩的背景知识
TV programs can produce beneficial effects on children in the way that they provide various way to entertain and more importantly fulfill the role to spread information. Documentary can broaden background knowledge in a fun way which classes in schools fail to achieve.
原因二：卡通、 电影、脱口秀也可以激发潜能。
Cartoons, films and talk shows can also build up new capacity and enhance existing ones since during screen time, they can, to some extent, increase their imagination as well as creativity and develop a grasp of language skills.
己方观点：需要父母监管，好处大于坏处。
Parental supervision in this case is essential as watching TV has both positive and negative effects in equal measure. Although certain drawbacks are difficult to be overlooked, merits concerning gaining information and developing skills are far more apparent.
相关词汇
the maximum benefits 最大的好处
self-discipline 自制力，自律
stimulate interest 激发兴趣
encourage imagination and creativity 促进想象力和创造力
entertaining 有娱乐性的
vivid pictures 生动的图片
be addicted to 对…上瘾
题目8
孩子拥有更大自由的利与弊
In many parts of the world, children have more freedom than they used to have. Is this a positive or negative development?
题目解读：
这篇大作文属于社会类的题目，提问方式属于利弊分析的一种。主要内容是讨论孩子比以往有了更多自由是积极还是消极的发展。考生在这道题中可以一边倒地认为其是消极或是积极的发展，也可以在分析利弊的基础上讨论总体来说是属于积极还是消极的发展。
正方：积极影响
理由1： 没有限制的束缚, 有利于孩子们找到自己的兴趣爱好，提高他们的创造力。
Without painful restrictions, children could explore their personal interests with their wishes, which could possibly enhance their creative skills.
理由2：给予孩子更多的自由有利于社会的快速发展。因为孩子们可以更少地受到传统习俗的束缚，接纳全球性的文化，让他们所处的社会变得更加自由和繁荣。
Giving children more freedom contributes to the rapid development of the society. This is because children nowadays are not bound by tradition which is gradually eroding away. Instead, most of them adapt to the global culture which is the amalgamation of favorable points of different cultures, making the society they are living in become opener and more prosperous.
反方：消极影响
理由1：孩子的自制力比较差，不能很合理地安排自己的时间，所以一旦他们有了更多的自由，他们很可能养成不良的习惯而不是磨练自己的能力。
A great many children are not self-disciplined enough to arrange their agenda appropriately. Therefore, once they have more freedom, they are likely to develop bad habits rather than hone some practical skills.
理由2：给予孩子太多的自由可能导致他们做出不利于他们长远发展的决定。他们的不成熟和较少的社会阅历可能会使他们看不到一些行为深远的负面结果。
With too much discretion, children are likely to make hasty decisions, which would have adverse effects on their long-run development. Their immaturity and lack of social experience would lead to their failure of seeing the far-reaching dire consequences of their choices.
相关词汇
discretion n. 自行选择的权力
erode v. 削弱，消减，侵蚀
young generations 年轻一代
have adverse effects on 有不利的影响
amalgamation n. 融合
amenity n. 令人愉快的事
rules and the norms of society 社会规则和规范
补充词汇
self-discipline 自制力，自律
be passionate about 对…很热情
obtain/ acquire/gain knowledge and skills 获取知识和技能
logical thinking 逻辑思维
题目9
大学生不选择科学类专业
的原因及影响
It has been observed that most of the students at university do not choose science to study. Why does it happen? What are the effects on society?
题目解读：
这篇大作文是教育类(学习课程)的话题，讲的是大学生不选科学专业这一现象。题目问此现象的“原因”和“影响”，属于报告类题型，我们分别回应这2个问题即可。要特别注意的是，“影响”这一问，问的是对“社会的影响”(effects on society)；如果写成了对“个人(学生)本身的影响”，那就偏题了。
分析思路：
Q1: The difficulty of science module and the lack of personal interest are the two main reasons behind this phenomenon.
原因1：很多大学生畏惧科学这门学科是因为科学太难学了。
College students who dread science are under the impression that it is difficult to learn.
展开补充：难就难在学习任务繁重和知识晦涩难懂。比如，学生可能花了很多时间做实验刷题目都没有办法取得进步。
Of all the subjects in university, science subjects are widely perceived as demanding in terms of both heavy workload and intellectual content. It is often the case that students may achieve little desirable results even when they already spend hours and hours finishing practical lab projects and preparing standard science tests.
原因2：很多不愿意学习科学的学生认定说科学太无聊了。
Most students who feel reluctant to study science assume it simply boring because of its vast size.
展开补充：而无聊的点就在于科学知识和他们所关心的日常爱好毫无关系，然而大到整个宇宙的运行，小到费米单位的计算都是科学，都是学生认为和自己生活无关的科学知识。
Everything, from a nucleus of few Fermi metres to the size of universe, lies in the field of science study. All of these mind-numbing things, however, are irrelevant to everyday interests of students.
Q2: This trend has an adverse impact on the progress of society
社会影响1：一个直接的后果就是造成相关行业劳动力短缺的局面。
A direct impact is the shortage of labor force in science-related industries.
展开补充：比如农业方面，研发工作没人做。没人去从事对抗害虫等农业灾害的产品研发，长期以往会引发农业产量的下降。
If this trend continues, there will not be adequate science talents for certain branches of related industries such as agriculture. This may result in the gap in research for combating pests and other farming disasters, thus leading to a steep drop in crop yields over time.
社会影响2：另一个对社会的影响是阻碍新科技成果的涌现。在线咨询
Another impact on society relates to new developments of society.
科学在现代发明和进步中起着核心的作用。越来越少人学习科学意味着越来越少人才去研发新的科技以解决主要问题。比如在医学方面，研发药物去解决危及生命的重大疾病。
It is widely acknowledged that science plays a pivotal role in modern advances and new discoveries. Fewer graduates with a degree in science mean that there are fewer intellectual talents working for new research and developments to tackle pressing issues such as medical advances that will banish life-threatening diseases.
相关词汇
demanding 费力费时的
intellectual content 学习内容
irrelevant to everyday interests 和日常爱好毫无关系
the shortage of labor force 劳动力短缺
science-related industries 科学相关行业
a steep drop in crop yields 农作物产量的急剧下降
intellectual workers 高智商人才
medical advances 医学上的进步
life-threatening diseases 危及生命的疾病
补充词汇
work-oriented=practical=professional =occupational 实用的
inspire curiosity 激发好奇心
contribute to 对…有贡献
encourage risk taking and exploration 鼓励冒险和探索
theoretical subjects 理论课程
career-oriented training 以职业为导向的培训
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