雅思写作的话题是有规律可循的,其中最高频的三大话题是-教育、环境、科技。在这一系列的雅思备考资料中,我们为同学们准备了18道历史真题,并且提供参考论点,同学们可以收藏起来认真备考哦!
环境类
题目1
人类行为对环境影响的利与弊
Nowadays both scientists and tourists can go to remote natural environments such as the South Pole. Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
题目解读:
这题讨论范围涉及了“人类行为”对“环境”的影响。在一些人迹罕至的地方,如南极,科学家和游客的到来会给这些地方带来什么影响?这些影响中,哪一些是好的而哪一些又是坏的?
好处1:科学家去这些偏远地区科考最终或多或少有利于整个人类。
The accessibility to remote natural places can enable scientists to conduct practical research or experiment, which can eventually benefit the whole human beings more or less.
好处2:旅游公司可以从推广“小众旅游景点”中获益。
The wider range of destinations caused by the approachability to outlying regions can attract a massive influx of visitors, by which travel agencies will gain huge profits.
坏处1:去偏远地方旅游可能会给游客带来危险。
Practically, the trip to isolated areas probably poses great dangers to tourists.
坏处2:不可避免,去这些偏远地方可能会给破坏当地环境。
It is doomed that the local environment may be undermined by the arrival of scientists or tourists.
相关词汇
outlying adj. 偏远的
far-flung adj. 遥远的
destination n. 目的地
accessibility n. 可到达的(目标对象)
approachability n. 可接近的(目标对象)
influx n. 大量涌入
It is doomed that…. 注定会……
undermine v. 破坏
jeopardize v. 破坏
biosphere n. 生物圈
补充词汇
post a threat to 构成威胁;对… 造成威胁
produce a large amount of waste 产生大量的垃圾
eco-friendly consciousness 环保意识
be permanently damaged 永久性的破坏
modern sophisticated technology 现代成熟技术
human activity 人类活动
long-term consequences 长期后果
题目2
个人是否能解决环境问题
Some think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve, while others think the problems cannot solve unless individuals take some actions. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
题目解读:
这篇大作文是属于环境类的题目,提问方式属于双方讨论的类型,主要内容是有些人认为环境问题太大以至于个人不能解决,然而其他人认为除非个人采取行动,否则环境问题不能被解决。这个题目可以写两个主体段,每段两个论点。
正方观点:个人不能解决
原因1: 一些全球性的环境问题例如全球气候变暧会影响全世界,它们并不能由个人来解决。
It is true that some environmental issues like global warming affect the whole world and cannot be tackled by individuals.
原因2: 政府应该制定和执行相关的政策去解决特定的环境问题,然而普通人并没有权力去实现这个目标。
The governments should regulate and implement relevant policies to address specific environment-related problems, while common people do not have the mandatory power to achieve this goal.
反方观点:个人可以解决
原因1:人们应该通过举办一些相关的讲座和活动来主动提高大众的环保意识。
Individuals should take the initiative to raise the public awareness of environmental conservation by holding some relevant lectures and activities.
原因2: 普通人有责任通过把自己不环保的生活习惯改变为低碳生活来保护环境。
Ordinary people can shoulder the responsibility to preserve the environment by shifting their environmental-damaging living habits to leading a low-carbon lifestyle.
相关词汇
issue 问题
tackle 解决
implement 执行
mandatory 有强制力的
global warming 全球气候变暧
achieve a goal 实现目标
take initiative 主动
raise awareness 提高意识
shoulder the responsibility 肩负责任
补充词汇
give priority to … 优先考虑…
take public transport 乘坐公共交通
be confronted with 面临着
domestic waste sorting 生活垃圾分类
sort the daily garbage 日常垃圾分类
recycling the cans 回收罐子
is crucial to 至关重要的
at the expense of = at the cost of 以… 为代价
take stringent measures to
采取严厉的措施去做某事
disposable chopsticks 一次性筷子
plastic bags and rubbish 塑料袋和垃圾
题目3
气候变化的利与弊
Some people think that climate change is a good thing as it can be used to make money, while others believe that it is bad. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
题目解读:
题目讨论气候变化是个好事还是坏事。一般情况下,我们都认为气候变化是个坏事,但是题目设计者另辟蹊径提出了“气候变化可以帮助商人赚钱“。所以这个话题我们既要说到气候变化的积极之处也要说出这个现象所带来的坏处。权衡利弊后,我们再来提出自己的看法。在线咨询
正方:气候变化是好事
很多商人利用气候变化赚取丰厚利润是不可争辩的事实。
It is irrefutable that myriads of merchants reap a hefty profit by launching new inventions to help individuals to cater for climate change.
反方:气候变化是坏事
原因1:气候变化会给人们带来一系列的健康隐患,造成一些特定疾病的发病率增高。
Climate change has triggered a series of diseases, increasing the incidence of some specific illnesses.
原因2:反常的气候改变造成了极端天气,给人们带来灾难性的影响。
Climate-fueled extreme weather brings with an impending disasters for human beings.
原因3: 数据记录表明气候变化给地球的自然平衡带来了负面影响。
According to the statistics, this crisis has been adversely changing natural balance, jeopardising the eco-system.
相关词汇
irrefutable adj. 无可争辩的
myriads of 许多,大量
hefty adj. 数量巨大的
launch v. 推出,发行
adversely adv. 不利地
impending adj. 即将到来的
disaster n.灾难
补充词汇
upset the ecosystem 扰乱生态系统
ecological degradation 生态恶化
natural resources 自然资源
a recurring problem = a chronic problem 持续出现,持续存在的问题
redress / restore the ecological balance 恢复生态平衡
greenhouse effect 温室效应
global warming 全球变暖
release toxic gases 排放有毒气体
reduce exhaust emissions 减少废气排放
题目4
长途飞行的污染相当于汽车使用几年
你是否同意应当减少不必要飞行
但不限制汽车的使用
One long-distance flight consumes fuel which a car uses in several years’ time, but they cause the same amount of pollution. So, some people think that we should discourage non-essential flights, such as tourist travel, rather than to limit the use of cars. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
题目解读:
这个题目是一个同意与否的话题。话题中对于使用飞机的危害性分析非常清晰—“一次远距离的飞机旅行消耗的能源相当于一辆汽车几年的消耗量,但是造成的污染是一样的”,所以提出了一个问题“是否需要限制没有必要的空中航行而不是限制汽车的使用”。这个题目的正方立场非常明确,而且根据题目问题也给出了对应理由“污染一样,但能源消耗更大”,然而我们如果站在反方的立场则需要提出对应理由。
正方:应该限制没有必要的空中航行,不必禁止汽车的使用。
原因1:从能源消耗的角度出发,限制没有必要的空中航行可以减少能源消耗,延缓能源枯竭因为其一次使用的能源量相当于一辆汽车几年消耗的总量。
In consideration of energy consumption, restricting the use of long-haul air travel can make a cut down in this aspect as well as slow down the coming of fuel depletion because this transport consumes more fuels than cars do.
原因2:从污染的角度出发,限制没有必要的空中航行可以适当减轻污染,尤其是对空气的污染因为一次空中航行造成的污染和一辆汽车几年造成的污染量一样大。
From the perspective of environment, minimizing air flights can alleviate environmental contamination, especially air pollution, as they cause the same amount of damage as vehicles do in a few years.
反方:不应该限制没有必要的空中航行而是要禁止汽车的使用。
原因1:对比汽车和空中航行所消耗的能源量,飞机航班所使用的整体能源量和人均能源量都小于汽车,所以限制飞机旅行而不是限制汽车的使用非常荒谬。
Compared with the energy consumption by air flights and vehicles, the overall and average amounts used by the former outweigh both by the latter, so it is far-fetched and groundless to restrict the use of long-haul air travel rather than discouraging that of automobiles.
原因2:从环境角度出发,飞机的使用的确会造成环境问题,尤其是空气污染。但是汽车使用所造成的环境问题不局限于空气污染,而且还会造成噪音、光污染等问题。
Albeit air travel inevitably begets environmental problems, most notably, air contamination, the issues triggered by car using are no more than air pollution but noise pollution, light pollution and suchlike. Technically speaking, in order to reach the upkeep of environment, it is better to reduce the use of cars than to control that of so-called unnecessary flights strictly.
相关词汇
long-haul adj. 远距离的
depletion n. 枯竭
contamination n. 污染
outweigh v. 超过
far-fetched adj. 牵强的
groundless adj. 无事实依据的
technically speaking 严格说来
upkeep n. 保护
so-called adj. 所谓的
题目5
环境的污染原因是国家的发展和富裕
且不可避免,你是否同意?
Some people think pollution and damage of environment are resulted from a country developing and becoming richer, and this is hard to be avoided. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
题目解读:
这篇大作文是属于环境类的题目,提问方式属于同意与否的类型,主要内容是有些人认为环境的污染和破坏的原因是国家的发展和富裕,这是很难避免的。这个题目可以写三个主体段,分别从同意或不同意的原因去回应题目。
同意的原因:
根据环境库兹茨曲线,一个国家的发展和繁荣在很大的程度上依赖于工业化的水平,不可避免地导致被污染和恶化的环境,因为越来越多的有毒化学物质从工业生产过程中被排放到土壤,空气和水中。
According to Environmental Kuznets Curve, the development and prosperity of a nation rely on the level of its industrialization to a large extent, unavoidably leading to polluted and deteriorated environment because increasing toxic chemicals have been released into soil, air and water from industrial processes.
不同意的原因:
但是,国力的增强不一定必然导致环境的污染和破坏。随着能源技术的进步和应用,各种更环保的可再生能源被广泛应用在不同的领域,大大缓解了温室效应的负面影响。
However, the amelioration of national power may unnecessarily contribute to the contamination and destruction of the environment. With the advance and application of energy-related technology, a variety of renewable sources, which are more eco-friendly than fossil fuels, are widely harnessed in various fields, alleviating greatly the negative impact of greenhouse effect.
在减少水源的污染方面,政府可以主动去资助工业污水处理技术的应用来防止污水污染河流,湖泊和海洋,以便保证相关工业的可持续发展。
In terms of reducing water taint, the government can take the initiative to subsidize the utilization of industrial waste treatment technology to prevent the sewage from contaminating the river, lake and sea so as to ensure the sustainable development in relevant industries.
相关词汇
subsidize 资助
industrialization 工业化
eco-friendly 环保的
fossil fuel 化石能源
greenhouse effect 温室效应
car exhaust emissions 汽车尾汽排放
deterioration of environment 环境的恶化
take initiative to do sth. 主动做
sustainable development 可持续发展
补充词汇
an enduring solution 持久有效的解决方案
formulate policies 制定政策
severe depletion of natural resources
自然资源的严重消耗
environmental sustainability
环境的可持续性
consume the energies and resources
消耗能源和资源
low-consumption and eco-friendliness
低消耗和环保
various depletion of natural resources
各种各样能源的消耗
energy crisis 能源危机
treasure natural resources 珍惜自然资源
exploit natural resources 开发自然资源
energy conservation 能源保护
environmental-friendly substitution/ alternatives
生态友好型替代品
renewable energy 可再生能源
sustainable development 可持续发展
pursue short-term profits 追求短期利益
reduce the dependence on the traditional energy resources 减少对传统能源的依赖
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