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The meeting was the first of its kind between the two leaders since Biden took office in January. They had spoken twice over the phone, in February and September.
Here are some highlights of the virtual meeting:
▌On Taiwan
President Xi Jinping told US President Joe Biden in their virtual meeting on Tuesday that China will be compelled to take resolute measures, should the separatist forces for "Taiwan independence" make coercive provocations or even cross the red line.
When stating China's principled position on the Taiwan question, Xi said that the new wave of tensions across the Taiwan Straits was due to the repeated attempts by the Taiwan authorities to look for US support for their independence agenda as well as the intention of some Americans to use Taiwan to contain China.
Such moves are extremely dangerous and are just like playing with fire, he said, noting that whoever plays with fire will get burnt.
Xi stressed that the one-China principle and the three China-US Joint Communiqués are the political foundation of China-US relations, and previous US administrations have all made clear commitments on this question.
He said that the true status quo of the Taiwan question and what lies at the heart of one China are: There is but one China in the world and Taiwan is part of China, and the Government of the People's Republic of China is the only lawful government representing China.
Noting that it is an aspiration shared by all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation to achieve China's complete reunification, Xi said that "we have patience and will strive for the prospect of peaceful reunification with utmost sincerity and efforts".
"That said, should the separatist forces for Taiwan independence provoke us, force our hands or even cross the red line, we will be compelled to take resolute measures," he added.
▌On human rights
Xi highlighted that civilizations are rich and diverse, and so is democracy, which is not mass produced with a uniform model or configuration for countries around the world.
He also said that whether a country is democratic or not should be left to its own people to decide, and dismissing forms of democracy that are different from one's own is in itself undemocratic.
The president also said that China is ready to have dialogues on human rights on the basis of mutual respect, but opposes using human rights as a pretext to meddle in other countries' internal affairs.
▌On China-US ties
Xi highlighted the importance of a sound and steady China-US relationship in advancing the two countries' development and for safeguarding a peaceful and stable international environment.
Xi said sound and steady bilateral ties are instrumental to finding effective responses to global challenges such as climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic.
"China and the US should respect each other, coexist in peace, and pursue win-win cooperation," he said.
"As the world's two largest economies and permanent members of the UN Security Council, China and the US need to increase communication and cooperation, each run their domestic affairs well and, at the same time, shoulder their share of international responsibilities, and work together to advance the noble cause of world peace and development," the Chinese president said.
Xi also said that it is hoped that the US president will demonstrate political leadership and steer America's China policy back on the track of reason and pragmatism.
▌On China-US trade
Xi said that business is business, and economic and trade issues between China and the US should not be politicized.
He said that China takes seriously the wishes of the US business community to travel to China more easily, and has agreed to upgrade fast-track arrangements.
The president also said that the US should stop abusing or overstretching the concept of national security to suppress Chinese businesses.
He urged the US to be mindful of the spillover effects of its domestic macro policies and adopt responsible macroeconomic policies.
