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犯罪学(criminology)：是一门以犯罪现象为研究对象的学科。广义上还包括专门寻找犯罪行为出现的实际原因，以提供一个方法减轻犯罪行为对社会的影响。
相关的犯罪研究也会发表社会与政府对犯罪标准和反应。犯罪学属于行为科学，特别着重于社会学和心理学层面上的研究，和法律、法学一样。在1885年，意大利的法学教授加罗法洛(Raffaele Garofalo)创造了“犯罪学”这个专有名词(即意大利语中的“criminologia”)，约同一时间法国人类学者托皮纳德(Paul Topinard)首次应用犯罪学于法国(即法语中的“criminologie”)。
把犯罪和犯罪者作为整体进行分析综合研究，探索犯罪发生的原因及其规律，称犯罪原因学，也就是狭义的犯罪学。研究犯罪原因及其规律，是为了有效地处理和预防犯罪，从而又须寻求相应而有效的犯罪对策，以此为目的进行研究的称为刑事政策学。广义的犯罪学包括犯罪原因论和犯罪对策论。英美各国的犯罪学主要从广义，欧陆各国学者多从狭义，日本学者不常用犯罪学而用刑事学一词，倾向于广义。
基本素质要求：具有良好的科学素质与人文素质、警察基本素质和技术技能，既有较高的执法能力和管理水平，又有强烈的公共服务意识，全面系统地掌握犯罪学基础理论、基本知识和基本技能，能在公安保卫部门从事犯罪预防、犯罪分析与预测及罪犯矫治等业务工作和在检察、法院、司法行政部门从事相关工作以及在相关领域从事犯罪学教学、科研工作的高级复合型专门人才。
宾夕法尼亚大学犯罪学硕士专业
M.S. in Criminology
WHAT IS OUR GOAL?
Few problems of public policy are as important as crime and how to deal with it. Yet much crime prevention work today is guided more by anecdote than by systematic evidence, despite the fact that an enormous amount has been learned in recent years about what works, what doesn’t , and what’s promising. Penn’s unique Master of Science in Criminology Program has a three-fold purpose. It is designed:
· for those who want so spend their careers as "change agents" applying criminological research in public and nonprofit organizations, from law enforcement, prison and probation agencies to think tanks and consultancies
· for research-oriented students preparing for a doctoral program
· for those who are interested in exploring both career tracks in just one year
WHY AT PENN?
Penn is the only one of the nation’s top research universities (and the only institution in the Ivy League) to offer a Master of Science program in Criminology. We offer students a solid, interdisciplinary academic grounding in criminology and provide the skills to analyze crime data, map crime patterns, and use research to make evidence-based decisions on how to address crime. This scientific grounding and the rich intellectual atmosphere at Penn also serves as a foundation for research-oriented students who wish to continue their education in Ph.D. programs in criminology and related social sciences. By blending theory and application, the program enhances career advancement for those who want to contribute to the public interest in government, criminal justice agencies, legal settings, and non-profit organizations and increases opportunities for those choosing to go to research universities.
WHAT IS THE APPROACH?
Our criminology program has an interdisciplinary focus, drawing on exceptional faculty from across Penn’s departments and schools including those with appointments in business, law, medicine, nursing, psychology, psychiatry, sociology and statistics. We also offer joint degrees—for example, with Penn’s Law School and with the Fels Institute of Government.
WHAT ELSE IS DIFFERENT ABOUT THIS PROGRAM?
The Criminology Masters Program begins with an orientation. Because this is a small and highly select program which concentrates on personal attention and guidance, this orientation period provides an opportunity for students to get to know each other, faculty and administrators, as well as the Penn community. During the course of the program, members of the cohort constantly interact in classes, in the department lounge and study area and at social events. Finally, we invite all graduates back to campus every April for an Annual Criminology Program Reunion.
Penn’s unique interdisciplinary program combines solid academic learning at one of the nation’s top research universities with practical knowledge that can enhance careers in research and in criminal justice-related policy and practice settings. Students also gain knowledge of the criminal justice system through ride-alongs with police officers and field trips to courts and prisons. Students work under a faculty member on a semester- long crime analysis project, using analysis and research skills--along with tools such as crime mapping—to address a specific crime problem. As their masters’ thesis, an oral and written project presentation is made at the conclusion of the semester to a small committee of the faculty.
The M.S. program also offers a capstone course, Academic and Applied Criminology, in which speakers from the University of Pennsylvania faculty and other academic institutions and from non-profit research organizations discuss their research, while speakers from government and criminal justice policy and practice settings—the consumers of research—share their insights.
WHAT DO OUR GRADUATES DO AFTER GRADUATION?
Penn Criminology M.S. graduates emerge from this program equipped with the knowledge and skills that are highly sought after by employers in government and the private sector and by leading university doctoral programs. How do we know? We have been tracking the careers of our graduates since the program’s inception in 2005. Increasing numbers have been continuing their academic studies at prominent universities in the United States and abroad. For those seeking positions in criminal justice related areas our employment record is excellent. They are working in criminology-related jobs, ranging from federal, state, and local law enforcement, Washington, D.C. think tanks and consultancies, state and local corrections, and investigative firms, to non-profit research institutes and federally-funded crime prevention initiatives.
宾夕法尼亚大学的犯罪学硕士设置有以下三个目标：
1.是为那些想要在公共和非营利组织从事犯罪研究的人士专门设立的;
2.是为那些以研究为目标，最终想要获得博士学位的学生设置的;
3.是为那些对从事犯罪学相关工作的人士设置的。我们只在培养学会掌握扎实系统的知识基础进行案件分析，定位犯罪类型并通过一定的证据作出犯罪判决。
宾夕法尼亚大学犯罪学硕士专业就业方向
本专业毕业生有能力同时也有机会适应多方面工作机会，如在联邦和政府的法律实施部门如法庭，特殊法庭，警察局等进行研究，教学，智力分析，政策分析，项目发展，服务提供，咨询的工作，或者从事与新闻，心理学，公共关系和国际关系相关的工作。
硕士专业入学要求
学历要求：
1.本科毕业;
2.GPA最低3.5;
语言要求：
1.托福105
2.需提交GRE成绩,建议320+。
