上次说到合金，具体合金的产生方式教课书里都有例子，直接拿来用就好：
adding a small amount of iron to aluminum will make it stronger.
或是：
adding some chromium to steel will slow the rusting process, but will make it more brittle.
至于陶瓷和玻璃，中西方还是有点定义上的差异，我们教科书里陶瓷通常被概括地定义为无机的非金属材料。照此定义，陶瓷材料也应包括玻璃，但是西方材料学定义里添加了“陶瓷”必须同时是晶体物组成的规定。陶瓷叫ceramic！陶瓷叫ceramic！陶瓷叫ceramic！重要的东西要说三遍！
至于玻璃呵呵so...A glass is an inorganic nonmetallic material that does not have a crystalline structure. Such materials are said to be amorphous.
所有当有人问你啥是amorphous时，你应当马上回应——“死玻璃”！
Ceramics and Glasses既然都是“玻璃”，啊不！是amorphous。那么他俩还是比较像的，也就是传说中的include high melting temperature, low density, high strength, stiffness, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.
从工业用途的角度来说Many ceramics are good electrical and thermal insulators. Some ceramics have special properties: some ceramics are magnetic materials; some are piezoelectric materials; and a few special ceramics are superconductors at very low temperatures. 当然啦，只说优点是不对地，他们有一个众人皆知的秘密they are brittle.
至于生产玻璃当然不能离开好的人文环境，我是指such as casting and blowing（浇铸和吹制），但是要注意陶瓷是由晶体物组成（crystalline ），所以陶瓷宝宝一般都采用“烧结”或“焙烧”工艺制造出来也就是：“sintering” or “firing” is the process typically used.
