【热点追踪】各国应对疫情政策整理及解读-新东方前途出国

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【热点追踪】各国应对疫情政策整理及解读

2020.02.11 浏览 来源：新东方前途出国综合

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摘要：为防控新冠肺炎疫情，一些国家或地区相继采取入境管制措施，赶快来看看Kimi老师对各国应对疫情政策整理及解读吧!

What is a coronavirus? Know your enemy

Coronavirus (CoV) belongs to the large virus family of Coronaviridae and consists of a singled stranded helical RNA. CoV is responsible for the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) , and the novel Wuhan coronavirus breakout (2019-nCoV).

Research showed that coronaviruses are zoonotic (transmission between animals and people). The 2002 SARS outbreak was transmitted from civet cats, the 2012 MERS outbreak was transmitted from dromedary camels, and the current Wuhan outbreak was transmitted from bats. 在线咨询

These are the three known coronaviruses that infected humans. Many other circulating coronaviruses on wild animals did not affect humans yet.

Is the Wuhan 2019-nCoV pandemic?

*Definition of pandemic: a widespread of an infectious disease over multiple continents or even worldwide at a short span of time.

The fast spread of 2019-nCoV is due to a list of reasons:

1.Common signs of initial infection highly resemble that of a flu virus or cold, which includes fever, dry cough, and breathing difficulties. Especially in winter season where many are sick from the weather, these light symptoms could easily be ignored. However, the symptoms could quickly escalate into pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure leading to death.

2.It has been observed that the incubation period for 2019-nCov is much longer than SARS and MERS. Infected patient could show no symptom up to 14 days.

Note:

Virus must depend on the host cell to reproduce and infect many other host cells with its reproductions. In other words, virus cannot survive outside of a host. From a virus’ perspective, a longer incubation period is beneficial. It can reproduce without host cell noticing. When a host shows symptoms, the host’s immune system is fighting off of the invading agent. The purpose of a virus is to self-reproduce, not to kill the host .

3.Outbreak happened during the ultimate peak travel time of Chinese New Year! Chinese New Year is the biggest/longest holiday every year in China. Cross-containmation was inevitable when 1.38 billion people was on every possible trains and flights.

FACT: Even though the fast spreading of 2019-nCoV sounds scary. The WHO has officially announced that 2019-nCoV is an epidemic in multiple locations. Thus, currently it is NOT a pandemic.

Quick overview of the world’s response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak

The virus infection that stemmed from the illegal selling of wild animals quickly spread through the city of Wuhan. The Chinese government quaranteed the city of Wuhan as soon as they realized the serverity. However, due to the long incubation period of the coronavirus, unknown amount of virus carriers traveled away. Those infected travelers showed symptoms only after they reached their destinations.

Countries colored in red are locations with confirmed 2019-nCoV cases (graphed February 4th 2020). Specifically the countries in red are : China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Australia, Belgium, Cambodia, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Russia, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, The Republic of Korea, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, and Vietnam.

In just about 2 months, the Wuhan 2019-nCoV is now in 28 countries.在线咨询

The Chinese government quarantined the entire province of Hubei, but the number of confirmed cases in foreign countries continues to appear.

2002SARS-CoV outbreak is still fresh in many people’s mind. In order to avoid the history from repeating itself, many countries acted quickly against this outbreak.

Let’s look at several countries’ tactics against 2019-nCoV.

Indonesia

1.The picture shown above is an Indonesia flight that just arrived from Wuhan, China to Batam, Indonesia.As you can see, airport employees have taken the precaution to wear yellow hazmat suits.The passengers are sprayed with alcohol mists to disinfect as they exited the plane.These passengers were transported to Natuna Island’s military base until 14 days of incubation period is over .

2.Due to the short-noticed travel ban from Indonesia, about 5000 Chinese tourists are stuck in Bali without direct flights back to China. In response to the circumstance, Indonesia’s government agreed to extend the travel visa until the travel ban is removed. Free Bali vacation? Although tourists have the option to travel through a third country that still allows entrance.

Thailand

1.This coronavirus is not a joke to Thailand. Besides of China, Thailand currently has the most confirmed cases in Southeast Asia. With such a sudden outbreak, researchers around the world have not yet found a cure for this disease.

In an effort to find a cure, Thailand employed a cocktail of antiviral drugs and appeared effective on a severely infected 2019-nCoV patient.

The antiviral drugs cocktail contains the HIV medicines lopinavir and ritonavir, along with the anti-flu medicine oseltamivir.

The success on the Thai patient is hope, but does not imply anything beyond the surface. HIV, flu, and coronavirus are all viruses and must share certain similarity for this antiviral concoction to work on this patient. The Thai doctors are administrating further research into the benefit of these antiviral medications. Although still in the early stages of research, this could be the first glance into the cure.

Other Countries

As the outbreak continues in China, most schools and companies delayed the return date from break. Looking at so many free days ahead, are you itching to seize the opportunity for a vacation？

DON’T!

Here are the global travel restrictions for Chinese citizen entry:

图片来源于国家移民管理局

Among this long list of air restrictions, United Kingdom and United States have suspended all flights to mainland China.All major American airlines to mainland China will be suspended until at least the end of March.

Although the Chinese government’s immediate containment seems effective now, countries around the world decided to prepare for the worst-case scenario. After all, no one wants a 2002 SARS replay.

Warning:

For your safety and others, please refrain from traveling during this time of crisis. If you MUST travel, please examine the given list carefully about your designated country . 在线咨询

How to avoid getting infected by 2019-nCoV?

1.Avoid leaving your home at peak period. Work from home if your job allows you to do so.

2.Whenever you are outside, wear a mask at all time. Once you are home, avoid touching the outside of the mask and toss it into trash. Do not reuse your mask.

3.Wash your hands with disinfecting soap for longer than 30 seconds.

4.Intake Vitamin C to boost immunity.

5.Avoid crowded area.

6.Cook all food thoroughly.

7.If available, spray rubbing alcohol to disinfect your area.

Thank you for reading my post! Have faith in the frontline doctors and the researchers behind the scenes. Every little breakthrough is a step towards success.

Stay strong Wuhan! Stay strong China！

本文作者

Kimi Fei

纽约大学文学学士

生物化学专业和心理学专业双学位（医学预科）

Kimi老师毕业于纽约大学，在校期间主修了生物化学和心理学的双学士学位，并且完成了医学预科。

她强烈希望以她的研究背景和能力不仅能为未来的STEM学生提供见解，而且能帮助其他领域的学生在申请美国大学和文理学院上做好规划及相关准备。她认为，强大的研究能力对于在美国本科申请过程和整体生活中取得成功至关重要。作为新东方前途出国的高级海外顾问，她很高兴能与学生们分享她的大学申请秘诀与技巧。她希望指引学生们通过申请过程中的每一个障碍，并为他们即将到来的学术和文化体验做好准备。

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