美国MS MENG PHD学位的区别
从学制上来看，MS 2年为主，MENG 1年，PHD 学位平均毕业年份为5.5年
除了学制上的区别，3种学位的学习目标，毕业要求也都会有不同，下面以Texas A&M（德州农工大学） Department of Civil的学位
说明为例来做介绍和总结：
Master of science
The Master of Science degree is a research-oriented degree requiring a minimum of 32 credit hours of approved courses and research. At least 24 credit hours must be coursework. The degree also requires the student to complete and submit a thesis to the University. There are department-specific and area-specific requirements for the completion of this degree in addition to the university requirements.
- Step 1 - Form an Advisory Committee
Students are required to form an advisory committee within the first two semesters of study. The committee consists of 3 or more graduate faculty members. The chair of the committee must be from the Department of Civil Engineering. At least one member of the committee must be from outside the Department of Civil Engineering. - Step 2 - Submit Degree Plan
A degree plan is required to be filed with the Office of Graduate Studies by the end of the student's second semester. The degree plan formally declares your degree objectives, the membership of your advisory committee, and the specific courses you will be required to complete as part of your degree program. - Step 3 - Submit Research Proposal
The research proposal outlines the research that you will conduct in pursuit of a degree. This proposal outlines the strategies and methods that will be used. The proposal must be approved by the advisory committee. - Step 4 - Thesis
A draft of the thesis must be approved by the advisory committee. The thesis draft should be submitted to the advisory committee at least two weeks prior to the final defense date. Consult the Thesis Clerk or review the Thesis Manual for the formatting guidelines. - Step 5 - Apply for Degree
Contact the Graduate Program office for specific dates. - Step 6 - Final Defense
A final oral examination is required. The student presents and defends his or her research efforts, as given by the thesis. The examination should emphasize the methodology and results of the thesis. The exam should also afford students an opportunity to make a logical, effective oral presentation, complete with visuals, and demonstrate their ability to respond to questions by the advisory committee. With the passing of the final examination and acceptance of the thesis by the advisory committee, the thesis, with approval from the Departmental Graduate Advisor, is submitted to the University as a formal document.
MS学位一般是research-oriented 除非有项目特别说明是Course Based，30-36个学分左右，通常会有thesis要求，也会有部分
学校提供non-thesis option，大部分MS学位读完之后可以继续攻读PHD学位；
Master of engineering
The Master of Engineering degree is a professionally oriented degree for students looking to practice the engineering profession at an advanced level. A minimum of 30 semester credit hours are required for this non-thesis degree.There are department-specific and area-specific requirements for the completion of this degree in addition to the university requirements.
- Step 1 - Form an Advisory Committee
Students are required to form an advisory committee within the first two semesters of study. The committee consists of one to three graduate faculty members. For most students the committee will consist of one professor from the Zachry Department of Civil Engineering. - Step 2 - Develop and Submit a Degree Plan
The student and their advisory committee choose the courses they will take as part of their degree. These courses and your committee member name(s) are your degree plan and are submitted online (http://ogsdpss.tamu.edu). You cannot register for your third semester until your degree plan is filed. So complete it early in your second semester! - Step 3 - Submit Professional Report
While a thesis is not required for this degree, the University requires that the student's effort towards the degree include one or two written reports (not necessarily involving results of research conducted by the student). This requirement is usually satisfied by reports written for specific courses taken as part of the student's degree plan. The requirement can also be satisfied by submitting a report as part of CVEN/OCEN 685 - Directed Studies.
- Step 3 - Apply for Degree
This can be found on the Office of Graduate Studies calendar. Contact the Graduate Program office for specific dates.
MENG学位一般是professionally oriented，30个学分左右，主要是以就业为导向，通常都是non-thesis ，大部分的学校项目
是不可以再继续读PHD学位，但是也会有部分学校可以继续攻读，需要看具体学校项目说明；
Doctor of Philosophy（PHD）
The Doctor of Philosophy degree is a research oriented degree requiring a minimum of 64 credit hours of approved courses and research beyond the Master of Science degree (96 semester credit hours beyond the baccalaureate degree -
- Step 1 - Take Qualifying Exam
Each student in this degree program must pass a Qualifying Examination that is administered by the student's specialty area. The examination must be taken immediately after the student's first full semester of study in the program. All international graduate students whose native language is not English must fulfill an English proficiency requirement before taking the qualifying exam. Step 2 - Form an Advisory Committee
Students are required to form an Advisory Committee once they pass the qualifying examination. The committee consists of 4 or more graduate faculty members. The chair of the committee must be from the Zachry Department of Civil Engineering. At least one member of the committee must be from outside the Zachry Department of Civil Engineering.- Step 3 - Submit Degree Plan
A degree plan is required to be filed with the Office of Graduate Studies by the end of the student's fourth semester. The degree plan formally declares your degree objectives, the membership of your advisory committee, and the specific courses you will be required to complete as part of your degree program. - Step 4 - Preliminary Exam
Upon completion of the degree plan coursework, a Preliminary Examination is administered by the student's advisory committee. The examination involves both a written and oral examination. With the successful completion of the Preliminary Examination, the student officially becomes a candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree and remaining efforts are focused toward the dissertation.Click here for the Preliminary Exam Guidelines. - Step 5 - Submit Research Proposal
The research proposal outlines the research that you will conduct in pursuit of a degree. This proposal outlines the strategies and methods that will be used. The proposal must be approved by the student's advisory committee. - Step 6 - Dissertation
A draft of the dissertation must be approved by the advisory committee. Consult the Thesis Clerk or review the Thesis Manual for the formatting guideline. The dissertation must be submitted to the advisory committee for review at least two weeks before the final defense. - Step 7 - Apply for Degree
Contact the Graduate Program office for specific dates. - Step 8 - Final Defense
A final oral examination is required. The student presents and defends his or her research efforts, as given by the dissertation. The examination should emphasize the methodology and results of the thesis. The exam should also afford students an opportunity to make a logical, effective oral presentation, complete with visuals, and demonstrate their ability to respond to questions by the advisory committee. With the passing of the final examination and acceptance of the dissertation by the Advisory Committee, the thesis, with approval from the Departmental Graduate Advisor, is submitted to the University as a formal document.
现在越来越多的学生想出去攻读PHD学位，我觉得在做出选择之前一定要了解美国PHD学位的要求，首先有非常多的考试，Qualifying Exam资格考试、Preliminary Exam博士资格考试、Final Defense 学位考试，除此以外相当高的论文能力也是博士必备条件之一，所以打算读博之前一定要做好充分的准备哦！
详细咨询老师哦！
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