美国留学二三事——如何防止被诈骗
国际学生离开祖国，在新的国家学习和生活，由于不了解当地法律和税务，很容易成为诈骗犯的勒索对象。本文收集了一些诈骗套路和防骗小窍门分享大家。
诈骗电话常见套路：
-他们会问你是谁谁谁么？(一般都知道你的名字和一些基本信息)
-上来就说自己是FBI或者Police Office或者IRS Agent(某政府部门)
-有时会让你Hold，说是要找"Senior Manager"
-如果你挂断还会给你打回来并且质问：为什么挂断！
-不管你说什么理由会想尽办法让你继续听下去
-有时会直接开始切入正题:
我们是FBI，有你的Record，你欠IRS(美国税务部门) tax/犯了法，不交就arrest you(逮捕你)/deport you(遣送回国)”
-时不时会蹦出一长串听不懂但是听上去都是专业法律词汇的内容 如果你有任何质疑比如问IRS是什么？FBI是什么？对方会给你解释但是语气恶劣
-如果你问到为什么没有先信件通知，对方回答已经给你的地址寄过了并且很可能可以报出一个你现在或是曾经的住址
-如果你已经不想装了揭穿对方是scam，对方会开始咒骂或是企图继续用严厉语气吓唬你
-如果你经不住恐吓会让你给某个银行账号打钱／去某个大型超市用第三方汇钱工具打钱／去超市买iTunes礼品卡
接到诈骗电话应该如何处理：
1.挂电话！
2.不要给陌生人个人信息！
3.给警方打电话报案！
4.犯罪分子会用特殊软件把电话号码设置成任意号码比如911，比如800-xxx-xxxx。
5.千万不要听信任何骗子的安排去任何地方买任何东西或者给任何银行卡打钱！
6.如果不确定可以和国际生办公室或校园警方确认。
7.告知好友防止被骗。
诈骗常见方式：
电话诈骗、短信诈骗、邮件诈骗、信件诈骗、购物网站诈骗和当面诈骗等。
常见诈骗类型：
A. Immigration scams 移民诈骗
B. Love scams 爱情诈骗
C. Tax/IRS scams 税务诈骗
D. Craigslist scams 购物网站诈骗
E. Tuition scams 学费诈骗
诈骗类型介绍及诈骗信号：
A.Immigration scams- Individuals will pretend to be legitimate government agencies and will threaten their victim’s immigration status unless they pay money. This is usually done over the phone.
Warning signs of an immigration scam:
1. The caller becomes increasingly aggressive and threatening.
2. The caller demands immediate payment over the phone.
3. The caller wants to meet you somewhere with the money or wants you to wire transfer money into an account.
4. The caller threatens your immigration status due to not paying some tax or entry fee.
5. The caller or callers do not have American accents.
6. You receive multiple phone calls from different numbers about the same issue. The call may be sent from 911, “Unknown”, or even the official phone number of a government agency such as the FBI.
7. The caller will use a lot of official sounding language, but will threaten you with jail or
deportation if you do not pay.
8. A website or email will ask for payment in exchange for issuing official government forms
(which are free) or for a chance to win the “green card” lottery.
B.Love scams- The individual will pretend to be in a dating relationship with their victim, usually communicating via text/phone call in the student’s native language.
Warning signs of a love scam:
1. Individual will ask that you send them money in order for you to meet in person.
2. If money is sent, the individual will usually keep demanding more and more money.
3. Individual may threaten or blackmail you with information, such as threatening to send pictures of you to others or by threatening your immigration status.
C. Tax/IRS Scams- The individual receives a phone call, email, letter, or an official-looking form asking for personal information or saying that you still owe taxes.
Warning signs of a tax scam:
1. The scammer may leave a message with an “urgent” callback request.
2. The number may appear to be the official IRS phone number.
3. The caller will demand immediate payment via credit card, debit card, or phone, which the real IRS will never do.
4. The caller will threaten arrest or deportation if you do not comply.
5. The caller will claim that they are the IRS and just need to “verify” a few details of your
latest tax payment. This is the scammer’s attempt to gain personal information such as your
social security number.
6. A letter from a law firm or collection agency claims you owe taxes. Check with the tax professional who helped you file your taxes to check the legitimacy of these letters.
7. You receive an email requesting that you “update your IRS e-file”.
D. Craigslist Scams- The person selling something takes your money without delivering the product you were promised, or the person buying something you are selling claims that they will pay you via Paypal, but never pay for the item.
Warning signs of a Craigslist scam:
1. The scammer will frequently misspell words in their text messages or emails to you.
2. The scammer asks you to send a high-cost item to West Africa.
3. The scammer offers more money than you are requesting for a product you are selling.
4. If offering an apartment, they will require payment without ever showing you the apartment.
5. If the offer is a great deal and far below the market value, it is probably a scam.
E. Tuition Scams- Someone contacts you saying that you will get cheaper tuition if you go through them. They end up stealing your money.
Warning Signs of a tuition scam:
1. The scammer will ask for your NetID and password to access your account and “pay” their bill.
2. The scammer will claim to give you a discount if you work through them.
参考：https://isss.illinois.edu/download_forms/students/scam_safety.pdf
